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EEG technology finds applications in several domains. Currently, most EEG systems require subjects to wear several electrodes on the scalp to be effective. However, several channels might include noisy information, redundant signals, induce…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-22 Michela C. Massi , Francesca Ieva

Electrocardiography (ECG) is the clinical gold standard for cardiovascular disease (CVD) assessment, yet continuous monitoring is constrained by the need for dedicated hardware and trained personnel. Photoplethysmography (PPG) is ubiquitous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Xiaocheng Fang , Jiarui Jin , Haoyu Wang , Che Liu , Jieyi Cai , Yujie Xiao , Guangkun Nie , Bo Liu , Shun Huang , Hongyan Li , Shenda Hong

Electrocardiogram is a useful diagnostic signal that can detect cardiac abnormalities by measuring the electrical activity generated by the heart. Due to its rapid, non-invasive, and richly informative characteristics, ECG has many emerging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Hanhui Deng , Xinglin Li , Jie Luo , Di Wu

Reconstructing a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) from a reduced lead set is an ill-posed inverse problem due to anatomical variability. Standard deep learning methods often ignore underlying cardiac pathology losing vital morphology in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Youssef Youssef , Jitin Singla

With the progress of sensor technology in wearables, the collection and analysis of PPG signals are gaining more interest. Using Machine Learning, the cardiac rhythm corresponding to PPG signals can be used to predict different tasks such…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-20 Ramin Ghorbani , Marcel J. T. Reinders , David M. J. Tax

Recently, substantial progress has been made in the area of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) using modern machine learning techniques to decode and interpret brain signals. While Electroencephalography (EEG) has provided a non-invasive method…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-26 Nik Khadijah Nik Aznan , Amir Atapour-Abarghouei , Stephen Bonner , Jason D. Connolly , Toby P. Breckon

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal exhibits inherent uniqueness, making it a promising biometric modality for identity authentication. As a result, ECG authentication has gained increasing attention in recent years. However, most existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Mingyu Dong , Zhidong Zhao , Hao Wang , Yefei Zhang , Yanjun Deng

Electrocardiogram (ECG) data collection during emergency situations is challenging, making ECG data generation an efficient solution for dealing with highly imbalanced ECG training datasets. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-06 Nour Neifar , Achraf Ben-Hamadou , Afef Mdhaffar , Mohamed Jmaiel , Bernd Freisleben

Electrocardiogram (ECG) delineation plays a crucial role in assisting cardiologists with accurate diagnoses. Prior research studies have explored various methods, including the application of deep learning techniques, to achieve precise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Aram Avetisyan , Nikolas Khachaturov , Ariana Asatryan , Shahane Tigranyan , Yury Markin

The electrocardiogram (ECG) remains a fundamental tool in cardiac diagnostics, yet its interpretation traditionally reliant on the expertise of cardiologists. The emergence of deep learning has heralded a revolutionary era in medical data…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-13 Cheng Ding , Tianliang Yao , Chenwei Wu , Jianyuan Ni

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are widely shared across multiple clinical applications for diagnosis, health monitoring, and biometric authentication. While valuable for healthcare, they also carry unique biometric identifiers that pose…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-19 Ziyu Wang , Elahe Khatibi , Kianoosh Kazemi , Iman Azimi , Sanaz Mousavi , Shaista Malik , Amir M. Rahmani

In this work, we address the challenge of reconstructing the complete 12-lead ECG signal from its incomplete parts. We focus on two main scenarios: (i) reconstructing missing signal segments within an ECG lead and (ii) recovering entire…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-22 Alex Lence , Federica Granese , Ahmad Fall , Blaise Hanczar , Joe-Elie Salem , Jean-Daniel Zucker , Edi Prifti

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a widely used non-invasive physiological sensing technique, suitable for various clinical applications. Such clinical applications are increasingly supported by machine learning methods, raising the question of…

Photoplethsmography (PPG)-based individual identification aiming at recognizing humans via intrinsic cardiovascular activities has raised extensive attention due to its high security and resistance to mimicry. However, this kind of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Riling Wei , Hanjie Chen , Kelu Yao , Chuanguang Yang , Jun Wang , Chao Li

Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis is foundational for cardiovascular disease diagnosis, yet the performance of deep learning models is often constrained by limited access to annotated data. Self-supervised contrastive learning has emerged as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Yi Yuan , Joseph Van Duyn , Runze Yan , Zhuoyi Huang , Sulaiman Vesal , Sergey Plis , Xiao Hu , Gloria Hyunjung Kwak , Ran Xiao , Alex Fedorov

The electroencephalographic (EEG) signals provide highly informative data on brain activities and functions. However, their heterogeneity and high dimensionality may represent an obstacle for their interpretation. The introduction of a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Aurora Saibene , Francesca Gasparini

Radar-based contactless cardiac monitoring has become a popular research direction recently, but the fine-grained electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is still hard to reconstruct from millimeter-wave radar signal. The key obstacle is to decouple…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-07 Yuanyuan Zhang , Runwei Guan , Lingxiao Li , Rui Yang , Yutao Yue , Eng Gee Lim

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) imaging is a vital non-invasive tool for diagnosing heart diseases and evaluating cardiac health. However, the limited availability of large-scale, high-quality CMR datasets poses a major challenge to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Ziyu Li , Yujian Hu , Zhengyao Ding , Yiheng Mao , Haitao Li , Fan Yi , Hongkun Zhang , Zhengxing Huang

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the electrical measurement of cardiac activity, whereas Photoplethysmogram (PPG) is the optical measurement of volumetric changes in blood circulation. While both signals are used for heart rate monitoring, from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Pritam Sarkar , Ali Etemad

Background: Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive optical sensing technique widely used to capture hemodynamic information, with broad deployment in both clinical monitoring systems and wearable devices. In recent years, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Guangkun Nie , Jiabao Zhu , Gongzheng Tang , Deyun Zhang , Shijia Geng , Qinghao Zhao , Shenda Hong