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Diffusion models are powerful tools for sampling from high-dimensional distributions by progressively transforming pure noise into structured data through a denoising process. When equipped with a guidance mechanism, these models can also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Saeed Mohseni-Sehdeh , Walid Saad , Kei Sakaguchi , Tao Yu

Discrete diffusion models have emerged as a powerful generative modeling framework for discrete data with successful applications spanning from text generation to image synthesis. However, their deployment faces challenges due to the high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yinuo Ren , Haoxuan Chen , Yuchen Zhu , Wei Guo , Yongxin Chen , Grant M. Rotskoff , Molei Tao , Lexing Ying

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful framework in generative modeling, typically relying on optimizing neural networks to estimate the score function via forward SDE simulations. In this work, we propose an alternative method that is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-17 Yuehaw Khoo , Mathias Oster , Yifan Peng

Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful stochastic frameworks for high-dimensional inference and generation. However, existing applications to partial differential equations (PDEs) predominantly rely on physics-informed training…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Yi Bing , Liu Jia , Fu Jinyang , Peng Xiang

Diffusion models have emerged as an expressive family of generative models rivaling GANs in sample quality and autoregressive models in likelihood scores. Standard diffusion models typically require hundreds of forward passes through the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Daniel Watson , William Chan , Jonathan Ho , Mohammad Norouzi

To accelerate diffusion model inference, numerical solvers perform poorly at extremely small steps, while distillation techniques often introduce complexity and instability. This work presents an intermediate strategy, balancing performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Wenze Liu , Xiangyu Yue

Diffusion models have exhibited excellent performance in various domains. The probability flow ordinary differential equation (ODE) of diffusion models (i.e., diffusion ODEs) is a particular case of continuous normalizing flows (CNFs),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Kaiwen Zheng , Cheng Lu , Jianfei Chen , Jun Zhu

Diffusion-based image super-resolution (SR) models have attracted substantial interest due to their powerful image restoration capabilities. However, prevailing diffusion models often struggle to strike an optimal balance between efficiency…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Qinpeng Cui , Yixuan Liu , Xinyi Zhang , Qiqi Bao , Qingmin Liao , Li Wang , Tian Lu , Zicheng Liu , Zhongdao Wang , Emad Barsoum

We present a novel approach that redefines the traditional interpretation of explicit and implicit discretization methods for solving a general class of advection-diffusion equations (ADEs) featuring nonlinear advection, diffusion…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Amin Jafarimoghaddam , Manuel Soler , Irene Ortiz

Diffusion-based generative models learn to iteratively transfer unstructured noise to a complex target distribution as opposed to Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) or the decoder of Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) which produce samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Sarthak Mittal , Guillaume Lajoie , Stefan Bauer , Arash Mehrjou

Diffusion models (DMs) have been adopted across diverse fields with its remarkable abilities in capturing intricate data distributions. In this paper, we propose a Fast Diffusion Model (FDM) to significantly speed up DMs from a stochastic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Zike Wu , Pan Zhou , Kenji Kawaguchi , Hanwang Zhang

Progressively applying Gaussian noise transforms complex data distributions to approximately Gaussian. Reversing this dynamic defines a generative model. When the forward noising process is given by a Stochastic Differential Equation (SDE),…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-06 Valentin De Bortoli , James Thornton , Jeremy Heng , Arnaud Doucet

Diffusion models (DMs) are a class of generative machine learning methods that sample a target distribution by transforming samples of a trivial (often Gaussian) distribution using a learned stochastic differential equation. In standard…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-08-15 Luke Causer , Grant M. Rotskoff , Juan P. Garrahan

In diffusion models, deviations from a straight generative flow are a common issue, resulting in semantic inconsistencies and suboptimal generations. To address this challenge, we introduce `Non-Cross Diffusion', an innovative approach in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Ziyang Zheng , Ruiyuan Gao , Qiang Xu

Latent neural stochastic differential equations (SDEs) have recently emerged as a promising approach for learning generative models from stochastic time series data. However, they systematically underestimate the noise level inherent in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Linus Heck , Maximilian Gelbrecht , Michael T. Schaub , Niklas Boers

Score-based diffusion models are a recently developed framework for posterior sampling in Bayesian inverse problems with a state-of-the-art performance for severely ill-posed problems by leveraging a powerful prior distribution learned from…

Diffusion Models (DMs) have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in content generation without requiring adversarial training. These models are trained using a two-step process. First, a forward - diffusion - process gradually adds…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Anwaar Ulhaq , Naveed Akhtar

Diffusion models (DMs) have recently emerged as SoTA tools for generative modeling in various domains. Standard DMs can be viewed as an instantiation of hierarchical variational autoencoders (VAEs) where the latent variables are inferred…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Jiatao Gu , Shuangfei Zhai , Yizhe Zhang , Miguel Angel Bautista , Josh Susskind

Diffusion models have gained prominence in generating high-quality sequences of text. Nevertheless, current approaches predominantly represent discrete text within a continuous diffusion space, which incurs substantial computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Shansan Gong , Mukai Li , Jiangtao Feng , Zhiyong Wu , Lingpeng Kong

Stochastic differential equations (SDEs) describe dynamical systems where deterministic flows, governed by a drift function, are superimposed with random fluctuations, dictated by a diffusion function. The accurate estimation (or discovery)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Patrick Seifner , Kostadin Cvejoski , David Berghaus , Cesar Ojeda , Ramses J. Sanchez
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