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An electroencephalography (EEG) based brain activity recognition is a fundamental field of study for a number of significant applications such as intention prediction, appliance control, and neurological disease diagnosis in smart home and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-09-27 Xiang Zhang , Lina Yao , Dalin Zhang , Xianzhi Wang , Quan Z. Sheng , Tao Gu

Over recent decades, neuroimaging tools, particularly electroencephalography (EEG), have revolutionized our understanding of the brain and its functions. EEG is extensively used in traditional brain-computer interface (BCI) systems due to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-12 Zaineb Ajra , Binbin Xu , Gérard Dray , Jacky Montmain , Stéphane Perrey

Electroencephalography (EEG) is extensively employed in medical diagnostics and brain-computer interface (BCI) applications due to its non-invasive nature and high temporal resolution. However, EEG analysis faces significant challenges,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Zhenyu Xia , Xinlei Huang , Yuantong Gu , Suvash C. Saha

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals play a crucial role in understanding brain activity and diagnosing neurological diseases. Because supervised EEG encoders are unable to learn robust EEG patterns and rely too heavily on expensive signal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Junhong Lai , Jiyu Wei , Lin Yao , Yueming Wang

Systems that can automatically analyze EEG signals can aid neurologists by reducing heavy workload and delays. However, such systems need to be first trained using a labeled dataset. While large corpuses of EEG data exist, a fraction of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Subhrajit Roy , Kiran Kate , Martin Hirzel

We introduce a unified benchmarking framework focused on evaluating EEG-based foundation models in clinical applications. The benchmark spans 11 well-defined diagnostic tasks across 14 publicly available EEG datasets, including epilepsy,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Ard Kastrati , Josua Bürki , Jonas Lauer , Cheng Xuan , Raffaele Iaquinto , Roger Wattenhofer

The increasing need for accurate and unified analysis of diverse biological signals, such as ECG and EEG, is paramount for comprehensive patient assessment, especially in synchronous monitoring. Despite advances in multi-sensor fusion, a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-18 Mohammed Guhdar , Ramadhan J. Mstafa , Abdulhakeem O. Mohammed

Mental disorders represent critical public health challenges as they are leading contributors to the global burden of disease and intensely influence social and financial welfare of individuals. The present comprehensive review concentrate…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-02-05 Sana Yasin , Syed Asad Hussain , Sinem Aslan , Imran Raza , Muhammad Muzammel , Alice Othmani

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder and for its detection, encephalography (EEG) is a commonly used clinical approach. Manual inspection of EEG brain signals is a time-consuming and laborious process, which puts heavy burden on neurologists…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-17 Ihsan Ullah , Muhammad Hussain , Emad-ul-Haq Qazi , Hatim Aboalsamh

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a generally used neuroimaging approach in brain-computer interfaces due to its non-invasive characteristics and convenience, making it an effective tool for understanding human intentions. Therefore, recent…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-19 Sung-Jin Kim , Dae-Hyeok Lee , Hyeon-Taek Han

Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a very promising and widely implemented procedure to study brain signals and activities by amplifying and measuring the post-synaptical potential arising from electrical impulses produced by neurons and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-04-05 Subhrangshu Adhikary , Kushal Jain , Biswajit Saha , Deepraj Chowdhury

This study examines the efficacy of various neural network (NN) models in interpreting mental constructs via electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Through the assessment of 16 prevalent NN models and their variants across four brain-computer…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-09-26 Xia Chen , Xiangbin Teng , Han Chen , Yafeng Pan , Philipp Geyer

While capable of segregating visual data, humans take time to examine a single piece, let alone thousands or millions of samples. The deep learning models efficiently process sizeable information with the help of modern-day computing.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Alankrit Mishra , Nikhil Raj , Garima Bajwa

Electroencephalogram (EEG) provides noninvasive measures of brain activity and is found to be valuable for diagnosis of some chronic disorders. Specifically, pre-treatment EEG signals in alpha and theta frequency bands have demonstrated…

Applications · Statistics 2023-05-24 Bin Yang , Xingche Guo , Ji Meng Loh , Qinxia Wang , Yuanjia Wang

A major shortcoming of medical practice is the lack of an objective measure of conscious level. Impairment of consciousness is common, e.g. following brain injury and seizures, which can also interfere with sensory processing and volitional…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-24 Alexis Pomares Pastor , Ines Ribeiro Violante , Gregory Scott

Function and dysfunctions of neural systems are tied to the temporal evolution of neural states. The current limitations in showing their causal role stem largely from the absence of tools capable of probing the brain's internal state in…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-24 Ayesha Vermani , Matthew Dowling , Hyungju Jeon , Ian Jordan , Josue Nassar , Yves Bernaerts , Yuan Zhao , Steven Van Vaerenbergh , Il Memming Park

Inferring patterns of synchronous brain activity from a heterogeneous sample of electroencephalograms (EEG) is scientifically and methodologically challenging. While it is intuitively and statistically appealing to rely on readings from…

Mental disorders are among the leading causes of disability worldwide. The first step in treating these conditions is to obtain an accurate diagnosis, but the absence of established clinical tests makes this task challenging. Machine…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-13 Caroline L. Alves , Aruane M. Pineda , Kirstin Roster , Christiane Thielemann , Francisco A. Rodrigues

Electroencephalography (EEG) analysis stands at the forefront of neuroscience and artificial intelligence research, where foundation models are reshaping the traditional EEG analysis paradigm by leveraging their powerful representational…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Hongqi Li , Yitong Chen , Yujuan Wang , Weihang Ni , Haodong Zhang

Depression is a common psychiatric disorder, which causes significant patient distress. Bipolar disorder is characterized by mood fluctuations between depression and mania. Unipolar and bipolar depression can be easily confused because of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-02 Marie Zelenina , Diana Prata