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Related papers: A tutorial on optimal dynamic treatment regimes

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We propose a new method in indefinite-horizon settings for estimating optimal dynamic treatment regimes for time-to-event outcomes. This method allows patients to have different numbers of treatment stages and is constructed using…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-31 Jane She , Matthew Egberg , Michael R. Kosorok

Optimal dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs), as a key part of precision medicine, have progressively gained more attention recently. To inform clinical decision making, interpretable and parsimonious models for contrast functions are…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-08 Chunyu Wang , Brian Tom

Dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) are personalized, adaptive, multi-stage treatment plans that adapt treatment decisions both to an individual's initial features and to intermediate outcomes and features at each subsequent stage, which are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-22 Yichun Hu , Nathan Kallus

Approximate dynamic programming has been investigated and used as a method to approximately solve optimal regulation problems. However, the extension of this technique to optimal tracking problems for continuous time nonlinear systems has…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-07-25 Rushikesh Kamalapurkar , Huyen Dinh , Shubhendu Bhasin , Warren Dixon

Existing strategies for determining the optimal treatment or monitoring strategy typically assume unlimited access to resources. However, when a health system has resource constraints, such as limited funds, access to medication, or…

Applications · Statistics 2019-03-18 Ellen C Caniglia , Eleanor J Murray , Miguel A Hernan , Zach Shahn

A common concern when a policymaker draws causal inferences from and makes decisions based on observational data is that the measured covariates are insufficiently rich to account for all sources of confounding, i.e., the standard no…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-25 Tao Shen , Yifan Cui

Truncation by death, a prevalent challenge in critical care, renders traditional dynamic treatment regime (DTR) evaluation inapplicable due to ill-defined potential outcomes. We introduce a principal stratification-based method, focusing on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-10 Sihyung Park , Wenbin Lu , Shu Yang

Optimal treatment rules can improve health outcomes on average by assigning a treatment associated with the most desirable outcome to each individual. Due to an unknown data generation mechanism, it is appealing to use flexible models to…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-21 Lingjie Shen , Gijs Geleijnse , Maurits Kaptein

A main research goal in various studies is to use an observational data set and provide a new set of counterfactual guidelines that can yield causal improvements. Dynamic Treatment Regimes (DTRs) are widely studied to formalize this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Soroush Saghafian

The optimal dynamic treatment rule (ODTR) framework offers an approach for understanding which kinds of patients respond best to specific treatments -- in other words, treatment effect heterogeneity. Recently, there has been a proliferation…

To achieve the goal of providing the best possible care to each patient, physicians need to customize treatments for patients with the same diagnosis, especially when treating diseases that can progress further and require additional…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-25 Xiao Li , Brent R Logan , S M Ferdous Hossain , Erica E M Moodie

In many clinical trials, individuals in different subgroups have experience differential treatment effects. This leads to individualized differences in treatment benefit. In this article, we introduce the general concept of predictive…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-11 Debashis Ghosh , Youngjoo Cho

In many applied fields, researchers are often interested in tailoring treatments to unit-level characteristics in order to optimize an outcome of interest. Methods for identifying and estimating treatment policies are the subject of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-04-06 Eli Sherman , David Arbour , Ilya Shpitser

In many important applications of precision medicine, the outcome of interest is time to an event (e.g., death, relapse of disease) and the primary goal is to identify the optimal individualized decision rule (IDR) to prolong survival time.…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-11 Yu Zhou , Lan Wang , Rui Song , Tuoyi Zhao

Differential Dynamic Programming is an optimal control technique often used for trajectory generation. Many variations of this algorithm have been developed in the literature, including algorithms for stochastic dynamics or state and input…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-26 Dennis Gramlich , Carsten W. Scherer , Christian Ebenbauer

This article discusses the application of stochastic intervention to find the optimal treatment distribution yielding a high value of expected potential outcome under the setting where the number of treatments is allowed to vary with $n$.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Rohit Chaudhuri

We consider the problem of learning about and comparing the consequences of dynamic treatment strategies on the basis of observational data. We formulate this within a probabilistic decision-theoretic framework. Our approach is compared…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-11-16 A. Philip Dawid , Vanessa Didelez

We consider a basic one-dimensional model of diffusion which allows to obtain a diversity of diffusive regimes whose speed depends on the moments of the per-site trapping time. This model is closely related to the continuous time random…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-03-08 Elena Floriani , Ricardo Lima , Edgardo Ugalde

The current work is motivated by the need for robust statistical methods for precision medicine; as such, we address the need for statistical methods that provide actionable inference for a single unit at any point in time. We aim to learn…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-02 Ivana Malenica , Aurelien Bibaut , Mark J. van der Laan

An important objective in the development of targeted therapies is to identify the populations where the treatment under consideration has positive benefit risk balance. We consider pivotal clinical trials, where the efficacy of a treatment…