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In this paper we study two problems related to the drawing of level graphs, that is, T-LEVEL PLANARITY and CLUSTERED-LEVEL PLANARITY. We show that both problems are NP-complete in the general case and that they become polynomial-time…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-06-26 Patrizio Angelini , Giordano Da Lozzo , Giuseppe Di Battista , Fabrizio Frati , Vincenzo Roselli

Ray intersection graphs are intersection graphs of rays, or halflines, in the plane. We show that any planar graph has an even subdivision whose complement is a ray intersection graph. The construction can be done in polynomial time and…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2011-11-28 Sergio Cabello , Jean Cardinal , Stefan Langerman

We introduce a generalization of the well known graph (vertex) coloring problem, which we call the problem of \emph{component coloring of graphs}. Given a graph, the problem is to color the vertices using minimum number of colors so that…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-11-06 Ajit Diwan , Soumitra Pal , Abhiram Ranade

Point-set embeddings and large-angle crossings are two areas of graph drawing that independently have received a lot of attention in the past few years. In this paper, we consider problems in the intersection of these two areas. Given the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-07-26 Martin Fink , Jan-Henrik Haunert , Tamara Mchedlidze , Joachim Spoerhase , Alexander Wolff

We consider hypergraph visualizations that represent vertices as points in the plane and hyperedges as curves passing through the points of their incident vertices. Specifically, we consider several different variants of this problem by (a)…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Alexander Dobler , Stephen Kobourov , Debajyoti Mondal , Martin Nöllenburg

In this short note, we show two NP-completeness results regarding the \emph{simultaneous representation problem}, introduced by Lubiw and Jampani. The simultaneous representation problem for a given class of intersection graphs asks if some…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-11-29 Jan Bok , Nikola Jedličková

We consider several classes of intersection graphs of line segments in the plane and prove new equality and separation results between those classes. In particular, we show that: (1) intersection graphs of grounded segments and intersection…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-12-13 Jean Cardinal , Stefan Felsner , Tillmann Miltzow , Casey Tompkins , Birgit Vogtenhuber

We consider the ideal orientation problem in planar graphs. In this problem, we are given an undirected graph $G$ with positive edge lengths and $k$ pairs of distinct vertices $(s_1, t_1), \dots, (s_k, t_k)$ called terminals, and we want to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-12-04 Yipu Wang

Given a straight-line drawing of a graph, a segment is a maximal set of edges that form a line segment. Given a planar graph $G$, the segment number of $G$ is the minimum number of segments that can be achieved by any planar straight-line…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Sabine Cornelsen , Giordano Da Lozzo , Luca Grilli , Siddharth Gupta , Jan Kratochvíl , Alexander Wolff

Visual rendering of graphs is a key task in the mapping of complex network data. Although most graph drawing algorithms emphasize aesthetic appeal, certain applications such as travel-time maps place more importance on visualization of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-01-20 Brian Baingana , Georgios B. Giannakis

An obstacle representation of a graph $G$ is a set of points in the plane representing the vertices of $G$, together with a set of polygonal obstacles such that two vertices of $G$ are connected by an edge in $G$ if and only if the line…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-07-18 Martin Balko , Josef Cibulka , Pavel Valtr

A point visibility graph is a graph induced by a set of points in the plane where the vertices of the graph represent the points in the point set and two vertices are adjacent if and only if no other point from the point set lies on the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-05-17 Anne-Sophie Himmel , Clemens Hoffmann , Pascal Kunz , Vincent Froese , Manuel Sorge

Klavik et al. [arXiv:1207.6960] recently introduced a generalization of recognition called the bounded representation problem which we study for the classes of interval and proper interval graphs. The input gives a graph G and in addition…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-09-06 Martin Balko , Pavel Klavík , Yota Otachi

Given a graph, the shortest-path problem requires finding a sequence of edges with minimum cumulative length that connects a source vertex to a target vertex. We consider a variant of this classical problem in which the position of each…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Tobia Marcucci , Jack Umenberger , Pablo A. Parrilo , Russ Tedrake

The \emph{segment number} of a planar graph is the smallest number of line segments whose union represents a crossing-free straight-line drawing of the given graph in the plane. The segment number is a measure for the visual complexity of a…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Yoshio Okamoto , Alexander Ravsky , Alexander Wolff

In this paper we study threshold coloring of graphs, where the vertex colors represented by integers are used to describe any spanning subgraph of the given graph as follows. Pairs of vertices with near colors imply the edge between them is…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-05-20 Md. Jawaherul Alam , Steven Chaplick , Gašper Fijavž , Michael Kaufmann , Stephen G. Kobourov , Sergey Pupyrev

Tolerance graphs model interval relations in such a way that intervals can tolerate a certain amount of overlap without being in conflict. In one of the most natural generalizations of tolerance graphs with direct applications in the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-05-17 Archontia C. Giannopoulou , George B. Mertzios

A graph is near-planar if it can be obtained from a planar graph by adding an edge. We show the surprising fact that it is NP-hard to compute the crossing number of near-planar graphs. A graph is 1-planar if it has a drawing where every…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2012-03-28 Sergio Cabello , Bojan Mohar

Bipartite graphs model the relationship between two disjoint sets of objects. They have a wide range of applications and are often visualized as a 2-layered drawing, where each set of objects is visualized as a set of vertices (points) on…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Reyan Ahmed , Stephen Kobourov , Myroslav Kryven

In the point set embeddability problem, we are given a plane graph $G$ with $n$ vertices and a point set $S$ with $n$ points. Now the goal is to answer the question whether there exists a straight-line drawing of $G$ such that each vertex…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Tanaeem M. Moosa , M. Sohel Rahman