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Large language models (LLMs) typically improve performance by either retrieving semantically similar information, or enhancing reasoning abilities through structured prompts like chain-of-thought. While both strategies are considered…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Yejin Kim , Eojin Kang , Juae Kim , H. Howie Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown unprecedented performance in various real-world applications. However, they are known to generate factually inaccurate outputs, a.k.a. the hallucination problem. In recent years, incorporating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Haochen Liu , Song Wang , Yaochen Zhu , Yushun Dong , Jundong Li

Large language models (LLMs), such as GPT3.5, GPT4 and LLAMA2 perform surprisingly well and outperform human experts on many tasks. However, in many domain-specific evaluations, these LLMs often suffer from hallucination problems due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Yuqi Wang , Boran Jiang , Yi Luo , Dawei He , Peng Cheng , Liangcai Gao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in text generation and understanding, yet their reliance on implicit, unstructured knowledge often leads to factual inaccuracies and limited interpretability. Knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Qinggang Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning abilities in complex tasks. However, they lack up-to-date knowledge and experience hallucinations during reasoning, which can lead to incorrect reasoning processes and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Linhao Luo , Yuan-Fang Li , Gholamreza Haffari , Shirui Pan

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Knowledge Graphs (KGs) offer a promising approach to robust and explainable Question Answering (QA). While LLMs excel at natural language understanding, they suffer from knowledge gaps and hallucinations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jasper Linders , Jakub M. Tomczak

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have positioned them as a prominent solution for Natural Language Processing tasks. Notably, they can approach these problems in a zero or few-shot manner, thereby eliminating the need for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Gerard Pons , Besim Bilalli , Anna Queralt

Information retrieval (IR) methods for KGQA consist of two stages: subgraph extraction and answer reasoning. We argue current subgraph extraction methods underestimate the importance of structural dependencies among evidence facts. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Wentao Ding , Jinmao Li , Liangchuan Luo , Yuzhong Qu

Efficient knowledge management plays a pivotal role in augmenting both the operational efficiency and the innovative capacity of businesses and organizations. By indexing knowledge through vectorization, a variety of knowledge retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Feihu Jiang , Chuan Qin , Kaichun Yao , Chuyu Fang , Fuzhen Zhuang , Hengshu Zhu , Hui Xiong

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance on knowledge graph question answering (KGQA) tasks by planning and interacting with knowledge graphs. However, existing methods often confuse tool utilization with knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Mufan Xu , Gewen Liang , Kehai Chen , Wei Wang , Xun Zhou , Muyun Yang , Tiejun Zhao , Min Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results in various tasks but struggle with hallucination problems and lack of relevant knowledge, especially in deep complex reasoning and knowledge-intensive tasks. Knowledge Graphs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Xingyu Tan , Xiaoyang Wang , Qing Liu , Xiwei Xu , Xin Yuan , Wenjie Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) may suffer from hallucinations in real-world applications due to the lack of relevant knowledge. In contrast, knowledge graphs encompass extensive, multi-relational structures that store a vast array of symbolic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Jie Ma , Zhitao Gao , Qi Chai , Wangchun Sun , Pinghui Wang , Hongbin Pei , Jing Tao , Lingyun Song , Jun Liu , Chen Zhang , Lizhen Cui

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on question-answering (QA) tasks because of their superior capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. However, LLM-based QA struggles with complex QA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Chuangtao Ma , Yongrui Chen , Tianxing Wu , Arijit Khan , Haofen Wang

Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) is a crucial task in natural language processing that requires reasoning over knowledge graphs (KGs) to answer natural language questions. Recent methods utilizing large language models (LLMs) have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Xiujun Zhou , Pingjian Zhang , Deyou Tang

Large language models have shown remarkable language processing and reasoning ability but are prone to hallucinate when asked about private data. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) retrieves relevant data that fit into an LLM's context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Alfred Clemedtson , Borun Shi

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit strong abilities in natural language understanding and generation, yet they struggle with knowledge-intensive reasoning. Structured Knowledge Graphs (KGs) provide an effective form of external knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Shuai Wang , Yinan Yu

Knowledge graph question answering (KGQA) aims to answer natural language questions using knowledge graphs. Recent research leverages large language models (LLMs) to enhance KGQA reasoning, but faces limitations: retrieval-based methods are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Can Lin , Zhengwang Jiang , Ling Zheng , Qi Zhao , Yuhang Zhang , Qi Song , Wangqiu Zhou

Large language model (LLM) has achieved outstanding performance on various downstream tasks with its powerful natural language understanding and zero-shot capability, but LLM still suffers from knowledge limitation. Especially in scenarios…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Tiezheng Guo , Qingwen Yang , Chen Wang , Yanyi Liu , Pan Li , Jiawei Tang , Dapeng Li , Yingyou Wen

This paper presents a scholarly Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) that answers bibliographic natural language questions by leveraging a large language model (LLM) in a few-shot manner. The model initially identifies the top-n…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Tilahun Abedissa Taffa , Ricardo Usbeck

Despite the rapid progress of large language models (LLMs), knowledge graph-based question answering (KGQA) remains essential for producing verifiable and hallucination-resistant answers in many real-world settings where answer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Ruijie Wang , Luca Rossetto , Michael Cochez , Abraham Bernstein