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As AI adoption expands across human society, the problem of aligning AI models to match human preferences remains a grand challenge. Currently, the AI alignment field is deeply divided between behavioral and representational approaches,…
Fatigue is a broad, multifactorial concept that includes the subjective perception of reduced physical and mental energy levels. It is also one of the key factors that strongly affect patients' health-related quality of life. To date, most…
Providing users with accurate gestural interfaces, such as gesture recognition based on wrist-worn devices, is a key challenge in mixed reality. However, static machine learning processes in gesture recognition assume that training and test…
Despite the wealth of single-cell multi-omics data, it remains challenging to predict the consequences of novel genetic and chemical perturbations in the human body. It requires knowledge of molecular interactions at all biological levels,…
The number of publications related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) continues to grow. These publications cover a diverse spectrum of research, from humanities and social sciences to engineering and health. Given the imperative…
Various factors are believed to govern the selection of references in citation networks, but a precise, quantitative determination of their importance has remained elusive. In this paper, we show that three factors can account for the…
Computer vision methods have demonstrated considerable potential to streamline ecological and biological workflows, with a growing number of datasets and models becoming available to the research community. However, these resources focus…
The foundation model era -- roughly 2020 to 2025 -- is over. The forces that defined it have inverted. Open source models have reached frontier performance while inference costs approach zero, exposing what was always structurally true:…
A widely used measure of scientific impact is citations. However, due to their heavy-tailed distribution, citations are fundamentally difficult to predict. Instead, to characterize scientific impact, we address two analogous questions asked…
There is an urgent need to incorporate the perspectives of culturally diverse groups into AI developments. We present a novel conceptual framework for research that aims to expand, reimagine, and reground mainstream visions of AI using…
We present Collaborative Trees, a novel tree model designed for regression prediction, along with its bagging version, which aims to analyze complex statistical associations between features and uncover potential patterns inherent in the…
Accurate fetal birth weight prediction is a cornerstone of prenatal care, yet traditional methods often rely on imaging technologies that remain inaccessible in resource-limited settings. This study presents a novel machine learning-based…
In many practical applications of AI, an AI model is used as a decision aid for human users. The AI provides advice that a human (sometimes) incorporates into their decision-making process. The AI advice is often presented with some measure…
In recent years, foundational models have revolutionized the fields of language and vision, demonstrating remarkable abilities in understanding and generating complex data; however, similar advances in user behavior modeling have been…
Open-source large language models have made platforms such as Hugging Face central hubs for decentralized AI innovation. Yet these ecosystems are shaped not only by collaboration, but also by competition for priority and community…
Model merging, particularly through weight averaging, has shown surprising effectiveness in saving computations and improving model performance without any additional training. However, the interpretability of why and how this technique…
The quest for historically impactful science and technology provides invaluable insight into the innovation dynamics of human society, yet many studies are limited to qualitative and small-scale approaches. Here, we investigate scientific…
We propose a model of the evolution of the networks of scientific citations. The model takes an out-degree distribution (distribution of number of citations) and two parameters as input. The parameters capture the two main ingredients of…
Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are rapidly becoming more capable, autonomous, and deeply embedded in social life. As humans increasingly interact, cooperate, and compete with AI, we move from purely human societies to hybrid human-AI…
Understanding how cooperation evolves in structured populations remains a fundamental question across diverse disciplines. The problem of cooperation typically involves pairwise or group interactions among individuals. While prior studies…