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Recently, large language models (LLMs) are capable of generating highly fluent textual content. While they offer significant convenience to humans, they also introduce various risks, like phishing and academic dishonesty. Numerous research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Chenxi Qing , Junxi Wu , Zheng Liu , Yixiang Qiu , Hongyao Yu , Bin Chen , Hao Wu , Shu-Tao Xia

As AI agents powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly versatile and capable of addressing a broad spectrum of tasks, ensuring their security has become a critical challenge. Among the most pressing threats are prompt…

The increasing reliance on Large Language Models (LLMs) across academia and industry necessitates a comprehensive understanding of their robustness to prompts. In response to this vital need, we introduce PromptRobust, a robustness…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Kaijie Zhu , Jindong Wang , Jiaheng Zhou , Zichen Wang , Hao Chen , Yidong Wang , Linyi Yang , Wei Ye , Yue Zhang , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Xing Xie

Diffusion models have become the mainstream architecture for text-to-image generation, achieving remarkable progress in visual quality and prompt controllability. However, current inference pipelines generally lack interpretable semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zheqi Lv , Junhao Chen , Qi Tian , Keting Yin , Shengyu Zhang , Fei Wu

Recent studies demonstrated that large language models (LLMs) can excel in many tasks via in-context learning (ICL). However, recent works show that ICL-prompted models tend to produce inaccurate results when presented with adversarial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Xuanli He , Yuxiang Wu , Oana-Maria Camburu , Pasquale Minervini , Pontus Stenetorp

AI Agents rely on Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal-LLMs (MLLMs) to perform interpretation and inference in text and image tasks without post-training, where LLMs and MLLMs play the most critical role and determine the initial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Haoran Sun , Shaoning Zeng

As the AI systems become deeply embedded in social media platforms, we've uncovered a concerning security vulnerability that goes beyond traditional adversarial attacks. It becomes important to assess the risks of LLMs before the general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Nilanjana Das , Edward Raff , Aman Chadha , Manas Gaur

With the increased deployment of large language models (LLMs), one concern is their potential misuse for generating harmful content. Our work studies the alignment challenge, with a focus on filters to prevent the generation of unsafe…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Sarah Ball , Greg Gluch , Shafi Goldwasser , Frauke Kreuter , Omer Reingold , Guy N. Rothblum

Previous research on testing the vulnerabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) using adversarial attacks has primarily focused on nonsensical prompt injections, which are easily detected upon manual or automated review (e.g., via byte…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Nilanjana Das , Edward Raff , Manas Gaur

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to automate relevance judgments for information retrieval (IR) tasks, often demonstrating agreement with human labels that approaches inter-human agreement. To assess the robustness and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Negar Arabzadeh , Charles L. A . Clarke

Prompt-based learning is a new language model training paradigm that adapts the Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) to downstream tasks, which revitalizes the performance benchmarks across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Yue Xu , Wenjie Wang

Despite the successes of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) based vulnerability detectors (VD), they are limited to providing only the decision on whether a given code is vulnerable or not, without details on what part of the code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Yi Li , Shaohua Wang , Tien N. Nguyen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are now capable of generating text that closely resembles human writing, making them powerful tools for content creation, but this growing ability has also made it harder to tell whether a piece of text was…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Muhammad Ammar , Hadiya Murad Hadi , Usman Majeed Butt

The powerful ability to understand, follow, and generate complex language emerging from large language models (LLMs) makes LLM-generated text flood many areas of our daily lives at an incredible speed and is widely accepted by humans. As…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Junchao Wu , Shu Yang , Runzhe Zhan , Yulin Yuan , Derek F. Wong , Lidia S. Chao

Automatic adversarial prompt generation provides remarkable success in jailbreaking safely-aligned large language models (LLMs). Existing gradient-based attacks, while demonstrating outstanding performance in jailbreaking white-box LLMs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Qizhang Li , Xiaochen Yang , Wangmeng Zuo , Yiwen Guo

The widespread adoption of ChatGPT has raised concerns about its misuse, highlighting the need for robust detection of AI-generated text. Current word-level detectors are vulnerable to paraphrasing or simple prompts (PSP), suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Mo Mu , Dianqiao Lei , Chang Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate highly persuasive text, raising concerns about their misuse for propaganda, manipulation, and other harmful purposes. This leads us to our central question: Is LLM-generated persuasion more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Arkadiusz Modzelewski , Paweł Golik , Anna Kołos , Giovanni Da San Martino

Our work addresses the critical issue of distinguishing text generated by Large Language Models (LLMs) from human-produced text, a task essential for numerous applications. Despite ongoing debate about the feasibility of such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Souradip Chakraborty , Amrit Singh Bedi , Sicheng Zhu , Bang An , Dinesh Manocha , Furong Huang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in academic peer review, yet their reliability, alignment with human judgment, and robustness to adversarial attacks remain poorly understood. We present a systematic benchmark of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Lingyao Li , Junjie Xiong , Changjia Zhu , Runlong Yu , Chen Chen , Junyu Wang , Renkai Ma , Zhicong Lu

In-context learning (ICL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm leveraging LLMs for specific downstream tasks by utilizing labeled examples as demonstrations (demos) in the preconditioned prompts. Despite its promising performance, crafted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Xiangyu Zhou , Yao Qiang , Saleh Zare Zade , Prashant Khanduri , Dongxiao Zhu
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