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Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced artificial intelligence by enabling human-like text generation and natural language understanding. However, their reliance on static training data limits their ability to respond to dynamic,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Aditi Singh , Abul Ehtesham , Saket Kumar , Tala Talaei Khoei , Athanasios V. Vasilakos

A standard treatment protocol for breast cancer entails administering neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgical removal of the tumor and surrounding tissue. Pathologists typically rely on cabinet X-ray radiographs, known as Faxitron, to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-19 Negar Golestani , Aihui Wang , Gregory R Bean , Mirabela Rusu

Purpose: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are promising in predicting treatment outcome for pediatric craniopharyngioma while the decision mechanisms are difficult to interpret. We compared the activation maps of CNN with hand crafted…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-09-26 Wenjun Yang , Chuang Wang , Tina Davis , Jinsoo Uh , Chia-Ho Hua , Thomas E. Merchant

With the advances in artificial intelligence (AI), data-driven algorithms are becoming increasingly popular in the medical domain. However, due to the nonlinear and complex behavior of many of these algorithms, decision-making by such…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-18 Amirehsan Ghasemi , Soheil Hashtarkhani , David L Schwartz , Arash Shaban-Nejad

This research focuses on evaluating and enhancing data readiness for the development of an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) in the context of skin cancer treatment. The study, conducted at the Skin…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Joscha Grüger , Tobias Geyer , Tobias Brix , Michael Storck , Sonja Leson , Laura Bley , Carsten Weishaupt , Ralph Bergmann , Stephan A. Braun

Addressing the global challenge of breast cancer, this research explores the fusion of generative AI, focusing on ChatGPT 3.5 turbo model, and the intricacies of breast cancer risk assessment. The research aims to evaluate ChatGPT's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Yousef Khan , Ahmed Abdeen Hamed

High-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy plays a critical role in the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer but remains highly dependent on manual treatment planning expertise. The objective of this study is to develop a fully automated…

Increasing clinical trial protocol complexity, amendments, and challenges around knowledge management create significant burden for trial teams. Structuring protocol content into standard formats has the potential to improve efficiency,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Ramtin Babaeipour , François Charest , Madison Wright

Gastric endoscopic screening is an effective way to decide appropriate gastric cancer (GC) treatment at an early stage, reducing GC-associated mortality rate. Although artificial intelligence (AI) has brought a great promise to assist…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-16 Yujin Oh , Go Eun Bae , Kyung-Hee Kim , Min-Kyung Yeo , Jong Chul Ye

Unstructured notes within the electronic health record (EHR) contain rich clinical information vital for cancer treatment decision making and research, yet reliably extracting structured oncology data remains challenging due to extensive…

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide and pathologists are closely involved in establishing a diagnosis. Tools to assist in making a diagnosis are required to manage the increasing workload. In this context,…

Reliability Assessment Commitment (RAC) Optimization is increasingly important in grid operations due to larger shares of renewable generations in the generation mix and increased prediction errors. Independent System Operators (ISOs) also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Seonho Park , Wenbo Chen , Dahye Han , Mathieu Tanneau , Pascal Van Hentenryck

Developing computational tools for integrative analysis across multiple types of omics data has been of immense importance in cancer molecular biology and precision medicine research. While recent advancements have yielded integrative…

Artificial intelligence (AI) enabled radiomics has evolved immensely especially in the field of oncology. Radiomics provide assistancein diagnosis of cancer, planning of treatment strategy, and predictionof survival. Radiomics in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-17 Syed Muhammad Anwar , Tooba Altaf , Khola Rafique , Harish RaviPrakash , Hassan Mohy-ud-Din , Ulas Bagci

Accurate identification of breast cancer types plays a critical role in guiding treatment decisions and improving patient outcomes. This paper presents an artificial intelligence enabled tool designed to aid in the identification of breast…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-28 Neil Chaudhary , Zaynah Dhunny

Artificial intelligence-based radiation therapy (RT) planning has the potential to reduce planning time and inter-planner variability, improving efficiency and consistency in clinical workflows. Most existing automated approaches rely on…

Modern Artificial Intelligence (AI) increasingly relies on multi-agent architectures that blend visual and language understanding. Yet, a pressing challenge remains: How can we trust these agents especially in zero-shot settings with no…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis , Ranjan Sapkota , Manoj Karkee , Nikolaos D. Tselikas

Therapeutic decision-making in clinical medicine constitutes a high-stakes domain in which AI guidance interacts with complex interactions among patient characteristics, disease processes, and pharmacological agents. Tasks such as drug…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Tim Cofala , Christian Kalfar , Jingge Xiao , Johanna Schrader , Michelle Tang , Wolfgang Nejdl

The task of data integration for multi-omics data has emerged as a powerful strategy to unravel the complex biological underpinnings of cancer. Recent advancements in graph neural networks (GNNs) offer an effective framework to model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Payam Zohari , Mostafa Haghir Chehreghani

Objectives: Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease, hard to diagnose and usually results in poor prognosis and high mortality. Developing an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm to accurately and universally predict the early cancer risk…

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