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Over the last decades, cognitive psychology has come to fair consensus about the ontological structure of human intelligence. However, it remains an open question, whether anatomical properties of the brain support the same ontology. The…

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been associated with structural alterations across cortical and subcortical regions. Quantitative neuroimaging enables large-scale analysis of these neuroanatomical patterns. This project used structural…

One way to interpret trained deep neural networks (DNNs) is by inspecting characteristics that neurons in the model respond to, such as by iteratively optimising the model input (e.g., an image) to maximally activate specific neurons.…

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory and cognitive decline, affecting millions worldwide. Diagnosing AD is challenging due to its heterogeneous nature and variable progression. This…

The brain, as the source of inspiration for Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), is based on a sparse structure. This sparse structure helps the brain to consume less energy, learn easier and generalize patterns better than any other ANN. In…

Correct inference of genetic regulations inside a cell is one of the greatest challenges in post genomic era for the biologist and researchers. Several intelligent techniques and models were already proposed to identify the regulatory…

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are rapidly being applied to safety-critical domains such as drone and airplane control, motivating techniques for verifying the safety of their behavior. Unfortunately, DNN verification is NP-hard, with current…

Feed-forward, fully-connected Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) or the so-called Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs) are well-known universal approximators. However, their learning performance varies significantly depending on the function or…

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are gaining popularity in the computational simulation and artificial intelligence fields owing to their biological plausibility and computational efficiency. This paper explores the historical development of…

Neuroevolution has greatly promoted Deep Neural Network (DNN) architecture design and its applications, while there is a lack of methods available across different DNN types concerning both their scale and performance. In this study, we…

In recent years, deep learning has been a revolution in the field of machine learning, for computer vision in particular. In this approach, a deep (multilayer) artificial neural network (ANN) is trained in a supervised manner using…

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are at the core of most Deep learning (DL) algorithms that successfully tackle complex problems like image recognition, autonomous driving, and natural language processing. However, unlike biological brains…

Analogical reasoning has been a principal focus of various waves of AI research. Analogy is particularly challenging for machines because it requires relational structures to be represented such that they can be flexibly applied across…

This paper presents the concept of "model-based neural network"(MNN), which is inspired by the classic artificial neural network (ANN) but for different usages. Instead of being used as a data-driven classifier, a MNN serves as a modeling…

Estimating brain age (BA) from T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRIs) provides a powerful framework for quantifying anatomical brain aging. Whereas global BA (GBA) summarizes overall brain health, local BA (LBA) provides cortically…

Neural architecture search (NAS) aims to automatically design deep neural networks of satisfactory performance. Wherein, architecture performance predictor is critical to efficiently value an intermediate neural architecture. But for the…

Neural architecture search (NAS) can have a significant impact in computer vision by automatically designing optimal neural network architectures for various tasks. A variant, binarized neural architecture search (BNAS), with a search space…

Artificial neural network (NN) architecture design is a nontrivial and time-consuming task that often requires a high level of human expertise. Neural architecture search (NAS) serves to automate the design of NN architectures and has…

In recent years, convolutional neural networks for semantic segmentation of breast ultrasound (BUS) images have shown great success; however, two major challenges still exist. 1) Most current approaches inherently lack the ability to…

Mining human-brain networks to discover patterns that can be used to discriminate between healthy individuals and patients affected by some neurological disorder, is a fundamental task in neuroscience. Learning simple and interpretable…