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We construct local fermionic Hamiltonians with no low-energy trivial states (NLTS), providing a fermionic counterpart to the NLTS theorem. Distinctly from the qubit case, we define trivial states via finite-depth $\textit{fermionic}$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-27 Yaroslav Herasymenko , Anurag Anshu , Barbara Terhal , Jonas Helsen

The recent resolution of the NLTS Conjecture [ABN22] establishes a prerequisite to the Quantum PCP (QPCP) Conjecture through a novel use of newly-constructed QLDPC codes [LZ22]. Even with NLTS now solved, there remain many independent and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-12 Nolan J. Coble , Matthew Coudron , Jon Nelson , Seyed Sajjad Nezhadi

The recently-defined No Low-energy Sampleable States (NLSS) conjecture of Gharibian and Le Gall [GL22] posits the existence of a family of local Hamiltonians where all states of low-enough constant energy do not have succinct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-21 Nolan J. Coble , Matthew Coudron , Jon Nelson , Seyed Sajjad Nezhadi

The No Low-energy Trivial States (NLTS) conjecture of Freedman and Hastings, 2014 -- which posits the existence of a local Hamiltonian with a super-constant quantum circuit lower bound on the complexity of all low-energy states --…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-26 Anurag Anshu , Chinmay Nirkhe

The NLTS (No Low-Energy Trivial State) conjecture of Freedman and Hastings [2014] posits that there exist families of Hamiltonians with all low energy states of high complexity (with complexity measured by the quantum circuit depth…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-14 Anurag Anshu , Nikolas P. Breuckmann

The NLTS (No Low-Energy Trivial State) conjecture of Freedman and Hastings [2014] posits that there exist families of Hamiltonians with all low energy states of non-trivial complexity (with complexity measured by the quantum circuit depth…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-06 Anurag Anshu , Nikolas P. Breuckmann , Chinmay Nirkhe

The No Low-Energy Trivial States (NLTS) conjecture of Freedman and Hastings (Quantum Information and Computation 2014), which asserts the existence of local Hamiltonians whose low energy states cannot be generated by constant depth quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-26 Chinmay Nirkhe , Umesh Vazirani , Henry Yuen

In an important recent development, Anshu, Breuckmann, and Nirkhe [ABN22] resolved positively the so-called No Low-Energy Trivial State (NLTS) conjecture by Freedman and Hastings. The conjecture postulated the existence of linear-size local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-20 Eric R. Anschuetz , David Gamarnik , Bobak Kiani

The local Hamiltonian problem consists of estimating the ground-state energy (given by the minimum eigenvalue) of a local quantum Hamiltonian. First, we show the existence of a good product-state approximation for the ground-state energy of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-04 Fernando G. S. L. Brandão , Aram W. Harrow

Ground states of local Hamiltonians can be generally highly entangled: any quantum circuit that generates them (even approximately) must be sufficiently deep to allow coupling (entanglement) between any pair of qubits. Until now this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-22 Lior Eldar , Aram W. Harrow

We introduce the quantum complexity class FQMA. This class describes the complexity of generating a quantum state that serves as a witness for a given QMA problem. In a certain sense, FQMA is the quantum analogue of FNP (function problems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dominik Janzing , Pawel Wocjan , Thomas Beth

Understanding the entanglement structure of local Hamiltonian ground spaces is a physically motivated problem, with applications ranging from tensor network design to quantum error-correcting codes. To this end, we study the complexity of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Sevag Gharibian , Jonas Kamminga

Local Hamiltonians with topological quantum order exhibit highly entangled ground states that cannot be prepared by shallow quantum circuits. Here, we show that this property may extend to all low-energy states in the presence of an on-site…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-25 Sergey Bravyi , Alexander Kliesch , Robert Koenig , Eugene Tang

The ground state energy and the free energy of Quantum Local Hamiltonians are fundamental quantities in quantum many-body physics, however, it is QMA-Hard to estimate them in general. In this paper, we develop new techniques to find…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-08 Thiago Bergamaschi

Quantum entanglement is considered, by and large, to be a very delicate and non-robust phenomenon that is very hard to maintain in the presence of noise, or non-zero temperatures. In recent years however, and motivated, in part, by a quest…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-27 Lior Eldar

The study of ground state energies of local Hamiltonians has played a fundamental role in quantum complexity theory. In this paper, we take a new direction by introducing the physically motivated notion of "ground state connectivity" of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-08 Sevag Gharibian , Jamie Sikora

We study the computational complexity of the Guided Local Hamiltonian problem: given a local Hamiltonian $H$ together with a classical description of a guiding state that has non-negligible overlap with the ground state of $H$, estimate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-19 Gabriel Waite , Karl Lin , Samuel J Elman , Michael J Bremner

We study 'Merlinized' versions of the recently defined Guided Local Hamiltonian problem, which we call 'Guidable Local Hamiltonian' problems. Unlike their guided counterparts, these problems do not have a guiding state provided as a part of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-11 Jordi Weggemans , Marten Folkertsma , Chris Cade

A candidate application for quantum computers is to simulate the low-temperature properties of quantum systems. For this task, there is a well-studied quantum algorithm that performs quantum phase estimation on an initial trial state that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-04 Chi-Fang , Chen , Alexander M. Dalzell , Mario Berta , Fernando G. S. L. Brandão , Joel A. Tropp

Tensor networks states allow to find the low energy states of local lattice Hamiltonians through variational optimization. Recently, a construction of such states in the continuum was put forward, providing a first step towards the goal of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-04-28 Teresa D. Karanikolaou , Patrick Emonts , Antoine Tilloy
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