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We study the propensity of independent algorithms to collude in repeated Cournot duopoly games. Specifically, we investigate the predictive power of different oligopoly and bargaining solutions regarding the effect of asymmetry between…

General Economics · Economics 2025-01-14 Simon Martin , Hans-Theo Normann , Paul Püplichhuisen , Tobias Werner

In markets where algorithmic data processing is increasingly prevalent, recommendation algorithms can substantially affect trade and welfare. We consider a setting in which an algorithm recommends a product based on its value to the buyer…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-06-17 Shota Ichihashi , Alex Smolin

We consider a context-based dynamic pricing problem of online products, which have low sales. Sales data from Alibaba, a major global online retailer, illustrate the prevalence of low-sale products. For these products, existing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-24 Sentao Miao , Xi Chen , Xiuli Chao , Jiaxi Liu , Yidong Zhang

We consider a simple model of rational agents competing in a single product market described by simple linear demand curve. Contrary to accepted economic theory, the agents' production levels synchronise in the absence of conscious…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2008-12-02 Russell K. Standish , Steve Keen

We consider a novel pricing and advertising framework, where a seller not only sets product price but also designs flexible 'advertising schemes' to influence customers' valuation of the product. We impose no structural restriction on the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Shipra Agrawal , Yiding Feng , Wei Tang

We consider a retailer selling a single product with limited on-hand inventory over a finite selling season. Customer demand arrives according to a Poisson process, the rate of which is influenced by a single action taken by the retailer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-06-28 Zizhuo Wang , Shiming Deng , Yinyu Ye

This paper describes an approach to economics that is inspired by quantum computing, and is motivated by the need to develop a consistent quantum mathematical framework for economics. The traditional neoclassical approach assumes that…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-03-22 David Orrell , Monireh Houshmand

Prediction markets mobilize financial incentives to forecast binary event outcomes through the aggregation of dispersed beliefs and heterogeneous information. Their growing popularity and demonstrated predictive accuracy in political…

General Economics · Economics 2026-01-29 Bridget Smart , Ebba Mark , Anne Bastian , Josefina Waugh

We study the optimal pricing strategy of a monopolist selling homogeneous goods to customers over multiple periods. The customers choose their time of purchase to maximize their payoff that depends on their valuation of the product, the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-28 Ali Makhdoumi , Azarakhsh Malekian , Asuman Ozdaglar

In this paper we apply active learning algorithms for dynamic pricing in a prominent e-commerce website. Dynamic pricing involves changing the price of items on a regular basis, and uses the feedback from the pricing decisions to update…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-12 Ravi Ganti , Matyas Sustik , Quoc Tran , Brian Seaman

We study markets where firms compete for consumer attention by subsidizing costly product inspection. These subsidies do not change product quality, but they alter the order in which consumers search by lowering inspection costs. We…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-05-29 Salvador Candelas , Nicole Immorlica , Brendan Lucier

The sorting and filtering capabilities offered by modern e-commerce platforms significantly impact customers' purchase decisions, as well as the resulting prices set by competing sellers on these platforms. Motivated by this practical…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Siddhartha Banerjee , Chamsi Hssaine , Vijay Kamble

We consider a dynamic pricing problem where customer response to the current price is impacted by the customer price expectation, aka reference price. We study a simple and novel reference price mechanism where reference price is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Shipra Agrawal , Wei Tang

We study the problem of online learning in competitive settings in the context of two-sided matching markets. In particular, one side of the market, the agents, must learn about their preferences over the other side, the firms, through…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Chinmay Maheshwari , Eric Mazumdar , Shankar Sastry

The rise of big data analytics has automated the decision-making of companies and increased supply chain agility. In this paper, we study the supply chain contract design problem faced by a data-driven supplier who needs to respond to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Xuejun Zhao , Ruihao Zhu , William B. Haskell

Agent-based models provide a constructive approach to studying emergent dynamics in life-like systems composed of interacting, adaptive agents. Financial markets serve as a canonical example of such systems, where collective price dynamics…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-04-28 Ryuji Hashimoto , Ryosuke Takata , Masahiro Suzuki , Yuki Tanaka , Kiyoshi Izumi

This paper explores the capacity of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to autonomously design incentive-compatible contracts in dual-principal-agent settings, a relatively unexplored aspect of algorithmic mechanism design. We develop a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Qian Qi

In this article we revisit the classic problem of tatonnement in price formation from a microstructure point of view, reviewing a recent body of theoretical and empirical work explaining how fluctuations in supply and demand are slowly…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-02 Jean-Philippe Bouchaud , J. Doyne Farmer , Fabrizio Lillo

We investigate brokerage between traders from an online learning perspective. At any round $t$, two traders arrive with their private valuations, and the broker proposes a trading price. Unlike other bilateral trade problems already studied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Nataša Bolić , Tommaso Cesari , Roberto Colomboni

We study an online dynamic pricing problem where the potential demand at each time period $t=1,2,\ldots, T$ is stochastic and dependent on the price. However, a perishable inventory is imposed at the beginning of each time $t$, censoring…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-26 Jianyu Xu , Yining Wang , Xi Chen , Yu-Xiang Wang
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