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We consider complex sample covariance matrices $M_N=\frac{1}{N}YY^*$ where $Y$ is a $N \times p$ random matrix with i.i.d. entries $Y_{ij}, 1\leq i\leq N, 1\leq j \leq p$ with distribution $F$. Under some regularity and decay assumption on…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-01-05 S. Péché

Spectral properties of random matrices play an important role in statistics, machine learning, communications, and many other areas. Engaging results regarding the convergence of the empirical spectral distribution (ESD) and the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Zeyan Zhuang , Xin Zhang , Dongfang Xu , Shenghui Song

Let $M_n$ be an $n$ by $n$ random matrix where each entry is +1 or -1 independently with probability 1/2. Our main result implies that the probability that $M_n$ is singular is at most $(1/\sqrt{2} + o(1))^n$, improving on the previous best…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-05-05 Jean Bourgain , Van Vu , Philip Matchett Wood

Let $A_n$ be an $n\times n$ random symmetric matrix with $(A_{ij})_{i< j}$ i.i.d. mean $0$, variance 1, following a subGaussian distribution and diagonal elements i.i.d. following a subGaussian distribution with a fixed variance. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-05-15 Yi Han

Spectral correlations in unitary invariant, non-Gaussian ensembles of large random matrices possessing an eigenvalue gap are studied within the framework of the orthogonal polynomial technique. Both local and global characteristics of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-30 E. Kanzieper , V. Freilikher

We establish a large deviation principle for the empirical spectral measure of a sample covariance matrix with sub-Gaussian entries, which extends Bordenave and Caputo's result for Wigner matrices having the same type of entries [7]. To…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-05-22 Benjamin Groux

We study high-dimensional sample covariance matrices based on independent random vectors with missing coordinates. The presence of missing observations is common in modern applications such as climate studies or gene expression…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-03-01 Kamil Jurczak , Angelika Rohde

Suppose $X_p$ is a real $p \times n$ matrix with independent entries and consider the (unscaled) sample covariance matrix $S_p=X_pX_p^T$. The Marchenko-Pastur law was discovered as the limit of the bulk distribution of the sample covariance…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-01-04 Arup Bose , Priyanka Sen

In this paper we give a simple, short, and self-contained proof for a non-trivial upper bound on the probability that a random $\pm 1$ symmetric matrix is singular.

Probability · Mathematics 2020-06-16 Asaf Ferber

For a fixed $n\ge2$, consider an $n\times n$ matrix $M$ whose entries are random integers bounded by $k$ in absolute value. In this paper, we examine the probability that $M$ is singular (hence has eigenvalue 0), and the probability that…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-12-20 Greg Martin , Erick B. Wong

Concatenating matrices is a common technique for uncovering shared structures in data through singular value decomposition (SVD) and low-rank approximations. The fundamental question arises: How does the singular value spectrum of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Maksym Shamrai

In this paper, we study random matrix models which are obtained as a non-commutative polynomial in random matrix variables of two kinds: (a) a first kind which have a discrete spectrum in the limit, (b) a second kind which have a joint…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-09-17 Benoit Collins , Takahiro Hasebe , Noriyoshi Sakuma

We analyze statistical properties of complex eigenvalues of random matrices $\hat{A}$ close to unitary. Such matrices appear naturally when considering quantized chaotic maps within a general theory of open linear stationary systems with…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2009-10-31 Yan V. Fyodorov

We compute exact asymptotic of the statistical density of random matrices belonging to invariant random matrices ensemble (RMT) orthogonal, unitary and symplectic ensembles, where all its eigenvalues lie within the interval $[\sigma,…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-09-23 Mohamed Bouali

Complex Hermitian random matrices with a unitary symmetry can be distinguished by a weight function. When this is even, it is a known result that the distribution of the singular values can be decomposed as the superposition of two…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-03-26 Folkmar Bornemann , Peter J. Forrester

Let $R_n$ be a $n \times n$ random matrix with i.i.d. subgaussian entries. Let $M$ be a $n \times n$ deterministic matrix with norm $\lVert M \rVert \le n^\gamma$ where $1/2<\gamma<1$. The goal of this paper is to give a general estimate of…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-08-13 Xiaoyu Dong

We study the singularity probability of n*n random matrices with i.i.d. entries from highly biased discrete distributions. We obtain sharp non-asymptotic bounds for this probability and derive estimates on the least singular values. Our…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-12 Zeyan Song

We study the conjugation action of orthogonal matrices on symmetric random matrices. Given a fixed orthogonal matrix over an algebraic number field and a random matrix with entries sufficiently uniform in the ring of integers, we wonder…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Alexander Van Werde

Consider a $N\times n$ random matrix $Z_n=(Z^n_{j_1 j_2})$ where the individual entries are a realization of a properly rescaled stationary gaussian random field. The purpose of this article is to study the limiting empirical distribution…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-06-13 W. Hachem , P. Loubaton , J. Najim

We study $\textit{sparse singular value certificates}$ for random rectangular matrices. If $M$ is an $n \times d$ matrix with independent Gaussian entries, we give a new family of polynomial-time algorithms which can certify upper bounds on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Ilias Diakonikolas , Samuel B. Hopkins , Ankit Pensia , Stefan Tiegel