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Medical Ultrasound (US) imaging has seen increasing demands over the past years, becoming one of the most preferred imaging modalities in clinical practice due to its affordability, portability, and real-time capabilities. However, it faces…

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) augments the reinforcement learning framework, which learns a sequence of actions that maximizes the expected reward, with the representative power of deep neural networks. Recent works have demonstrated…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-10 S. Kevin Zhou , Hoang Ngan Le , Khoa Luu , Hien V. Nguyen , Nicholas Ayache

As a subfield of machine learning, reinforcement learning (RL) aims at empowering one's capabilities in behavioural decision making by using interaction experience with the world and an evaluative feedback. Unlike traditional supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-27 Chao Yu , Jiming Liu , Shamim Nemati

Data processing and analytics are fundamental and pervasive. Algorithms play a vital role in data processing and analytics where many algorithm designs have incorporated heuristics and general rules from human knowledge and experience to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Qingpeng Cai , Can Cui , Yiyuan Xiong , Wei Wang , Zhongle Xie , Meihui Zhang

Motivation: Medical image analysis involves tasks to assist physicians in qualitative and quantitative analysis of lesions or anatomical structures, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of diagnosis and prognosis.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Mingzhe Hu , Jiahan Zhang , Luke Matkovic , Tian Liu , Xiaofeng Yang

Deep learning (DL) has recently emerged as a pivotal technology for enhancing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a critical tool in diagnostic radiology. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in DL for MRI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Reinhard Heckel , Mathews Jacob , Akshay Chaudhari , Or Perlman , Efrat Shimron

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for sequential decision-making and has attracted growing interest across various domains, particularly following the advent of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) in 2015.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Dong Wang , Hanmo You , Lingwei Zhu , Kaiwei Lin , Zheng Chen , Chen Yang , Junji Yu , Zan Wang , Junjie Chen

Deep learning has shown great promise for CT image reconstruction, in particular to enable low dose imaging and integrated diagnostics. These merits, however, stand at great odds with the low availability of diverse image data which are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Arjun Krishna , Kedar Bartake , Chuang Niu , Ge Wang , Youfang Lai , Xun Jia , Klaus Mueller

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful approach for tackling complex medical decision-making problems such as treatment planning, personalized medicine, and optimizing the scheduling of surgeries and appointments. It has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Ying Liu , Haozhu Wang , Huixue Zhou , Mingchen Li , Yu Hou , Sicheng Zhou , Fang Wang , Rama Hoetzlein , Rui Zhang

Background: Clinical diagnosis is typically reached by following a series of steps recommended by guidelines authored by colleges of experts. Accordingly, guidelines play a crucial role in rationalizing clinical decisions but suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Lillian Muyama , Antoine Neuraz , Adrien Coulet

Rapid advances of hardware-based technologies during the past decades have opened up new possibilities for Life scientists to gather multimodal data in various application domains (e.g., Omics, Bioimaging, Medical Imaging, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-09 Mufti Mahmud , M. Shamim Kaiser , Amir Hussain , Stefano Vassanelli

Owe to the recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence especially deep learning, many data-driven decision support systems have been implemented to facilitate medical doctors in delivering personalized care. We focus on the deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Siqi Liu , Kee Yuan Ngiam , Mengling Feng

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has recently been adopted in a wide range of physics and engineering domains for its ability to solve decision-making problems that were previously out of reach due to a combination of non-linearity and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-06-19 Paul Garnier , Jonathan Viquerat , Jean Rabault , Aurélien Larcher , Alexander Kuhnle , Elie Hachem

This paper presents the first deep reinforcement learning (DRL) framework to estimate the optimal Dynamic Treatment Regimes from observational medical data. This framework is more flexible and adaptive for high dimensional action and state…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-30 Ning Liu , Ying Liu , Brent Logan , Zhiyuan Xu , Jian Tang , Yanzhi Wang

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is an emerging methodology that is transforming the way many complicated transportation decision-making problems are tackled. Researchers have been increasingly turning to this powerful learning-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Nahid Parvez Farazi , Tanvir Ahamed , Limon Barua , Bo Zou

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive imaging modality and provides comprehensive anatomical and functional insights into the human body. However, its long acquisition times can lead to patient discomfort, motion artifacts, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Mojtaba Safari , Zach Eidex , Chih-Wei Chang , Richard L. J. Qiu , Xiaofeng Yang

In recent years deep reinforcement learning (RL) systems have attained superhuman performance in a number of challenging task domains. However, a major limitation of such applications is their demand for massive amounts of training data. A…

Ultrasound (US) is one of the most common medical imaging modalities since it is radiation-free, low-cost, and real-time. In freehand US examinations, sonographers often navigate a US probe to visualize standard examination planes with rich…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-16 Yuan Bi , Zhongliang Jiang , Yuan Gao , Thomas Wendler , Angelos Karlas , Nassir Navab

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a highly versatile and widely used clinical imaging tool. The content of MRI images is controlled by an acquisition sequence, which coordinates the timing and magnitude of the scanner hardware…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Simon Walker-Samuel

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a well-established framework for sequential decision-making in complex environments. However, state-of-the-art Deep RL (DRL) algorithms typically require large training datasets and often struggle to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Celeste Veronese , Alessandro Farinelli , Daniele Meli
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