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The rapid advancement of vision-language models (VLMs) has established a new paradigm in video anomaly detection (VAD): leveraging VLMs to simultaneously detect anomalies and provide comprehendible explanations for the decisions. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Muchao Ye , Weiyang Liu , Pan He

Recently, large vision and language models have shown their success when adapting them to many downstream tasks. In this paper, we present a unified framework named CLIP-ADA for Anomaly Detection by Adapting a pre-trained CLIP model. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Yuxuan Cai , Xinwei He , Dingkang Liang , Ao Tong , Xiang Bai

Anomaly detection is vital in various industrial scenarios, including the identification of unusual patterns in production lines and the detection of manufacturing defects for quality control. Existing techniques tend to be specialized in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Xiaohao Xu , Yunkang Cao , Huaxin Zhang , Nong Sang , Xiaonan Huang

With the increase in the learning capability of deep convolution-based architectures, various applications of such models have been proposed over time. In the field of anomaly detection, improvements in deep learning opened new prospects of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Jin-Ha Lee , Marcella Astrid , Muhammad Zaigham Zaheer , Seung-Ik Lee

Log anomaly detection refers to the task that distinguishes the anomalous log messages from normal log messages. Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) are becoming popular for log anomaly detection because of their superb ability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Zhuoyi Yang , Ian G. Harris

Autonomous aerial monitoring is an important task aimed at gathering information from areas that may not be easily accessible by humans. At the same time, this task often requires recognizing anomalies from a significant distance or not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Tzoulio Chamiti , Nikolaos Passalis , Anastasios Tefas

In the current development of large language models (LLMs), it is important to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the underlying data sources. LLMs are critical for various applications, but they often suffer from hallucinations and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Jiayang Wu , Wensheng Gan , Jiahao Zhang , Philip S. Yu

Detecting visual anomalies in diverse, multi-class real-world images is a significant challenge. We introduce \ours, a novel unsupervised multi-class visual anomaly detection framework. It integrates a Latent Diffusion Model (LDM) with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Samet Hicsonmez , Abd El Rahman Shabayek , Djamila Aouada

As LLMs grow in capability, the task of supervising LLMs becomes more challenging. Supervision failures can occur if LLMs are sensitive to factors that supervisors are unaware of. We investigate Mechanistic Anomaly Detection (MAD) as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 David O. Johnston , Arkajyoti Chakraborty , Nora Belrose

Large-scale vision-language models (VLMs) exhibit remarkable zero-shot capabilities, yet the internal mechanisms driving their anomaly detection (AD) performance remain poorly understood. Current methods predominantly treat VLMs as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Shaotian Li , Shangze Li , Chuancheng Shi , Wenhua Wu , Yanqiu Wu , Xiaohan Yu , Fei Shen , Tat-Seng Chua

In medical imaging, obtaining large amounts of labeled data is often a hurdle, because annotations and pathologies are scarce. Anomaly detection is a method that is capable of detecting unseen abnormal data while only being trained on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Djennifer K. Madzia-Madzou , Hugo J. Kuijf

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) with large language models (LLMs) plays a crucial role in question answering, as LLMs possess limited knowledge and are not updated with continuously growing information. Most recent work on RAG has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Shichao Kan , Yuhai Deng , Jiale Fu , Lihui Cen , Zhe Qu , Linna Zhang , Yixiong Liang , Yigang Cen

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) aims to localize abnormal events on the timeline of long-range surveillance videos. Anomaly-scoring-based methods have been prevailing for years but suffer from the high complexity of thresholding and low…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Hui Lv , Qianru Sun

Although achieving great success, Large Language Models (LLMs) usually suffer from unreliable hallucinations. Although language attribution can be a potential solution, there are no suitable benchmarks and evaluation metrics to attribute…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Xinze Li , Yixin Cao , Liangming Pan , Yubo Ma , Aixin Sun

Video anomaly detection is a subject of great interest across industrial and academic domains due to its crucial role in computer vision applications. However, the inherent unpredictability of anomalies and the scarcity of anomaly samples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Yalong Jiang , Liquan Mao

Anomaly detection (AD) is a fundamental task of critical importance across numerous domains. Current systems increasingly operate in rapidly evolving environments that generate diverse yet interconnected data modalities -- such as time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Zhongyuan Wu , Jingyuan Wang , Zexuan Cheng , Yilong Zhou , Weizhi Wang , Juhua Pu , Chao Li , Changqing Ma

Detecting anomalies or out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is critical for maintaining the reliability and trustworthiness of machine learning systems. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their effectiveness not only in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Ruiyao Xu , Kaize Ding

Ensuring factual accuracy while maintaining the creative capabilities of Large Language Model Agents (LMAs) poses significant challenges in the development of intelligent agent systems. LMAs face prevalent issues such as information…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Diego Sanmartin

Large language models (LLMs) have been used to generate query expansions augmenting original queries for improving information search. Recent studies also explore providing LLMs with initial retrieval results to generate query expansions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Yu Xia , Junda Wu , Sungchul Kim , Tong Yu , Ryan A. Rossi , Haoliang Wang , Julian McAuley

Knowledge augmentation has significantly enhanced the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in knowledge-intensive tasks. However, existing methods typically operate on the simplistic premise that model performance equates with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Hao Chen , Ye He , Yuchun Fan , Yukun Yan , Zhenghao Liu , Qingfu Zhu , Maosong Sun , Wanxiang Che