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The shift from symbolic AI systems to black-box, sub-symbolic, and statistical ones has motivated a rapid increase in the interest toward explainable AI (XAI), i.e. approaches to make black-box AI systems explainable to human decision…
The EU AI Act represents the world's first transnational AI regulation with concrete enforcement measures. It builds on existing EU mechanisms for regulating health and safety of products but extends them to protect fundamental rights and…
The current advancement in and deployment of agentic AI systems has created a set of key challenges for the legal frameworks that govern their use. We cover two central components: first, the regulatory classification of agents under the EU…
In December 2023, the European Parliament provisionally agreed on the EU AI Act. This unprecedented regulatory framework for AI systems lays out guidelines to ensure the safety, legality, and trustworthiness of AI products. This paper…
The EU AI Act is the proposed EU legislation concerning AI systems. This paper identifies several categories of the AI Act. Based on this categorization, a questionnaire is developed that serves as a tool to offer insights by creating…
There has been recent and growing interest in the development and deployment of autonomous vehicles, encouraged by the empirical successes of powerful artificial intelligence techniques (AI), especially in the applications of deep learning…
Our work serves as a framework for unifying the challenges of contemporary explainable AI (XAI). We demonstrate that while XAI methods provide supplementary and potentially useful output for machine learning models, researchers and…
Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has re-emerged in response to the development of modern AI and ML systems. These systems are complex and sometimes biased, but they nevertheless make decisions that impact our lives. XAI systems are…
Established approaches to assuring safety-critical systems and software are difficult to apply to systems employing ML where there is no clear, pre-defined specification against which to assess validity. This problem is exacerbated by the…
There is broad agreement that Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, particularly those using Machine Learning (ML), should be able to "explain" their behavior. Unfortunately, there is little agreement as to what constitutes an…
The implementation of the AI Act requires practical mechanisms to verify compliance with legal obligations, yet concrete and operational mappings from high-level requirements to verifiable assessment activities remain limited, contributing…
With the advances of AI research, AI has been increasingly adopted in numerous domains, ranging from low-stakes daily tasks such as movie recommendations to high-stakes tasks such as medicine, and criminal justice decision-making.…
As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies continue to advance, effective risk assessment, regulation, and oversight are necessary to ensure that AI development and deployment align with ethical principles while preserving innovation and…
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into medicine is remarkable, offering advanced diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities. However, the inherent opacity of complex AI models presents significant challenges to their clinical…
Understanding the decisions made and actions taken by increasingly complex AI system remains a key challenge. This has led to an expanding field of research in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), highlighting the potential of…
The field of explainable AI (XAI) has quickly become a thriving and prolific community. However, a silent, recurrent and acknowledged issue in this area is the lack of consensus regarding its terminology. In particular, each new…
This survey presents a comprehensive review of current literature on Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methods for cyber security applications. Due to the rapid development of Internet-connected systems and Artificial Intelligence…
The unprecedented performance of machine learning models in recent years, particularly Deep Learning and transformer models, has resulted in their application in various domains such as finance, healthcare, and education. However, the…
Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is critical for ensuring trust and accountability, yet its development remains predominantly visual. For blind and low-vision (BLV) users, the lack of accessible explanations creates a fundamental…
The recent spike in certified Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools for healthcare has renewed the debate around adoption of this technology. One thread of such debate concerns Explainable AI and its promise to render AI devices more…