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Governments and businesses increasingly rely on data analytics and machine learning (ML) for improving their competitive edge in areas such as consumer satisfaction, threat intelligence, decision making, and product efficiency. However, by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-01-18 Rock Stevens , Octavian Suciu , Andrew Ruef , Sanghyun Hong , Michael Hicks , Tudor Dumitraş

A learned database system uses machine learning (ML) internally to improve performance. We can expect such systems to be vulnerable to some adversarial-ML attacks. Often, the learned component is shared between mutually-distrusting users or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Roei Schuster , Jin Peng Zhou , Thorsten Eisenhofer , Paul Grubbs , Nicolas Papernot

With the growing popularity of artificial intelligence and machine learning, a wide spectrum of attacks against deep learning models have been proposed in the literature. Both the evasion attacks and the poisoning attacks attempt to utilize…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Zeyan Liu , Fengjun Li , Jingqiang Lin , Zhu Li , Bo Luo

Machine learning (ML) models may be deemed confidential due to their sensitive training data, commercial value, or use in security applications. Increasingly often, confidential ML models are being deployed with publicly accessible query…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-10-04 Florian Tramèr , Fan Zhang , Ari Juels , Michael K. Reiter , Thomas Ristenpart

In the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence, machine learning emerges as a key technology characterized by its vast potential and inherent risks. The stability and reliability of these models are important, as they are frequent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Haibo Zhang , Zhihua Yao , Kouichi Sakurai , Takeshi Saitoh

Machine Learning (ML) can be incredibly valuable to automate anomaly detection and cyber-attack classification, improving the way that Network Intrusion Detection (NID) is performed. However, despite the benefits of ML models, they are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-27 João Vitorino , Isabel Praça , Eva Maia

Nowadays, numerous applications incorporate machine learning (ML) algorithms due to their prominent achievements. However, many studies in the field of computer vision have shown that ML can be fooled by intentionally crafted instances,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Islam Debicha , Benjamin Cochez , Tayeb Kenaza , Thibault Debatty , Jean-Michel Dricot , Wim Mees

Machine Learning (ML) models are applied in a variety of tasks such as network intrusion detection or Malware classification. Yet, these models are vulnerable to a class of malicious inputs known as adversarial examples. These are slightly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-10-18 Kathrin Grosse , Praveen Manoharan , Nicolas Papernot , Michael Backes , Patrick McDaniel

Recent attacks on Machine Learning (ML) models such as evasion attacks with adversarial examples and models stealing through extraction attacks pose several security and privacy threats. Prior work proposes to use adversarial training to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Kacem Khaled , Gabriela Nicolescu , Felipe Gohring de Magalhães

Deep learning (DL) has significantly improved automatic modulation classification (AMC) by leveraging neural networks as the feature extractor.However, as the DL-based AMC becomes increasingly widespread, it is faced with the severe secure…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-16 Jingchun Wang , Peihao Dong , Fuhui Zhou , Qihui Wu

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have gained significant attention across various domains. However, their widespread adoption has also raised serious safety concerns. In this paper, we uncover a new safety risk of MLLMs:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yifan Lan , Yuanpu Cao , Weitong Zhang , Lu Lin , Jinghui Chen

Adversarial Machine Learning (AML) addresses vulnerabilities in AI systems where adversaries manipulate inputs or training data to degrade performance. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of evasion and poisoning attacks,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Pranav K Jha

Machine Learning (ML) models become vulnerable to Model Stealing Attacks (MSA) when they are deployed as a service. In such attacks, the deployed model is queried repeatedly to build a labelled dataset. This dataset allows the attacker to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Akshit Jindal , Vikram Goyal , Saket Anand , Chetan Arora

Model merging for Large Language Models (LLMs) directly fuses the parameters of different models finetuned on various tasks, creating a unified model for multi-domain tasks. However, due to potential vulnerabilities in models available on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Zenghui Yuan , Yangming Xu , Jiawen Shi , Pan Zhou , Lichao Sun

Machine Learning is becoming a pivotal aspect of many systems today, offering newfound performance on classification and prediction tasks, but this rapid integration also comes with new unforeseen vulnerabilities. To harden these systems…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Ahmed Abdou , Ryan Sheatsley , Yohan Beugin , Tyler Shipp , Patrick McDaniel

With the increasing adoption of AI, inherent security and privacy vulnerabilities formachine learning systems are being discovered. One such vulnerability makes itpossible for an adversary to obtain private information about the types of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-11 Samyadeep Basu , Rauf Izmailov , Chris Mesterharm

As machine learning (ML) systems increasingly permeate high-stakes settings such as healthcare, transportation, military, and national security, concerns regarding their reliability have emerged. Despite notable progress, the performance of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Anthony Corso , David Karamadian , Romeo Valentin , Mary Cooper , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

We study the membership inference (MI) attack against classifiers, where the attacker's goal is to determine whether a data instance was used for training the classifier. Through systematic cataloging of existing MI attacks and extensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Jiacheng Li , Ninghui Li , Bruno Ribeiro

The existence of adversarial attacks (or adversarial examples) brings huge concern about the machine learning (ML) model's safety issues. For many safety-critical ML tasks, such as financial forecasting, fraudulent detection, and anomaly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Han Xu , Menghai Pan , Zhimeng Jiang , Huiyuan Chen , Xiaoting Li , Mahashweta Das , Hao Yang

Existing literature on adversarial Machine Learning (ML) focuses either on showing attacks that break every ML model, or defenses that withstand most attacks. Unfortunately, little consideration is given to the actual feasibility of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Ying Yuan , Giovanni Apruzzese , Mauro Conti