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The properties of polycrystalline materials are often dominated by the size of their grains and by the atomic structure of their grain boundaries. These effects should be especially pronounced in 2D materials, where even a line defect can…

An overview is given of recent advances in experimental and theoretical understanding of optical properties of ultra-thin crystal structures (graphene, phosphorene, silicene, MoS2, MoSe2 , WS2 , WSe2 , h-AlN, h-BN, fluorographene,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-03-02 H. Sahin , E. Torun , C. Bacaksiz , S. Horzum , J. Kang , R. T. Senger , F. M. Peeters

Most materials in available macroscopic quantities are polycrystalline. Graphene, a recently discovered two-dimensional form of carbon with strong potential for replacing silicon in future electronics, is no exception. There is growing…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2010-09-28 Oleg V. Yazyev , Steven G. Louie

Graphene is a rapidly rising star on the horizon of materials science and condensed matter physics. This strictly two-dimensional material exhibits exceptionally high crystal and electronic quality and, despite its short history, has…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 A. K. Geim , K. S. Novoselov

Fifteen years have passed since graphene was first isolated on the substrate from bulk graphite. During that period, 2D layered materials with intrinsic band gaps have been realized. Although many exciting results have been reported for…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-12-03 Kosuke Nagashio

Spintronics has become a broad and important research field that intersects with magnetism, nano-electronics, and materials science. Its overarching aim is to provide a fundamental understanding of spin-dependent phenomena in solid-state…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-04-29 David T. S. Perkins , Aires Ferreira

Graphene is one of the most important materials in science today due to its unique and remarkable electronic, thermal and mechanical properties. However in its pristine state, graphene is a gapless semiconductor, what limits its use in…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-08-13 P. A. S. Autreto , J. M. de Sousa , D. S. Galvao

Graphene is a 2D material that displays excellent electronic transport properties with prospective applications in many fields. Inducing and controlling magnetism in the graphene layer, for instance by proximity of magnetic materials, may…

The induction of unconventional superconductivity by twisting two layers of graphene a small angle was groundbreaking1, and since then has attracted widespread attention to novel phenomena caused by lattice or angle mismatch between…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-09-21 Yuqi Wang , Soroush Arabi , Klaus Kern , Markus Ternes

2D crystals, such as graphene, exhibit the higher strength and stiffness of any other known man-made or natural material. So far, this assertion has been primarily based on modelling predictions and on bending experiments in combination…

Strongly interacting electrons in layered materials give rise to a plethora of emergent phenomena, such as unconventional superconductivity. heavy fermions, and spin textures with non-trivial topology. Similar effects can also be observed…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-08-23 Soroush Arabi , Taner Esat , Aizhan Sabitova , Yuqi Wang , Hovan Lee , Cedric Weber , Klaus Kern , F. Stefan Tautz , Ruslan Temirov , Markus Ternes

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have captured the attention of the scientific community due to the wide range of unique properties at nanometer-scale thicknesses. While significant exploratory research in 2D materials has been achieved, the…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-05-23 Vinod K. Sangwan , Mark C. Hersam

Properties of layered superconductors can vary drastically when thinned down from bulk to monolayer, owing to the reduced dimensionality and weakened interlayer coupling. In transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), the inherent symmetry…

High-T_c superconductors confined to two dimension exhibit novel physical phenomena, such as superconductor-insulator transition. In the Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8+x (Bi2212) model system, despite extensive studies, the intrinsic superconducting…

The recently found material graphene is a truly two-dimensional crystal and exhibits, in addition, an extreme mechanical strength. This in combination with the high electron mobility favours graphene for electromechanical investigations…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-03-20 T. Mashoff , M. Pratzer , V. Geringer , T. J. Echtermeyer , M. C. Lemme , M. Liebmann , M. Morgenstern

Potentially new, single-atom thick semiconducting 2D-graphene-like material, called Anisotropic-cyclicgraphene, have been generated by the two stage searching strategy linking molecular and ab initio approach. The candidate derived from the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-03-20 Marcin Maździarz , Adam Mrozek , Wacław Kuś , Tadeusz Burczyński

Using typical experimental techniques it is difficult to separate the effects of carrier density and disorder on the superconducting transition in two dimensions. Using a simple fabrication procedure based on metal layer dewetting, we have…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-07-03 B. M. Kessler , C. O. Girit , A. Zettl , V. Bouchiat

Graphene-based materials have been suggested for applications ranging from nanoelectronics to nanobiotechnology. However, the realization of graphene-based technologies will require large quantities of free-standing two-dimensional (2D)…

We provide a broad review of fundamental electronic properties of two-dimensional graphene with the emphasis on density and temperature dependent carrier transport in doped or gated graphene structures. A salient feature of our review is a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-03-13 S. Das Sarma , Shaffique Adam , E. H. Hwang , Enrico Rossi

In great contrast to the numerous discoveries of superconductivity in layer-stacked graphene systems, the absence of superconductivity in the simplest and cleanest monolayer graphene remains a big puzzle. Here, through realistic computation…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-09-30 Xinyao Zhang , Ruoshi Jiang , Xingchen Shen , Xiaomo Huang , Qing-Dong Jiang , Wei Ku