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Three-dimensional x-ray CT image reconstruction in baggage scanning in security applications is an important research field. The variety of materials to be reconstructed is broader than medical x-ray imaging. Presence of high attenuating…
Understanding how laser pulses compress solids into high-energy-density states requires diagnostics that simultaneously resolve macroscopic geometry and nanometer-scale structure. Here we present a combined X-ray imaging (XRM) and…
Laser wakefield acceleration of electrons represents a basis for several types of novel X-ray sources based on Thomson scattering or betatron radiation. The latter provides a high photon flux and a small source size, both being…
In this paper we present the experimental protocol and data processing framework for Megahertz X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (MHz-XPCS) experiments on soft matter samples, implemented at the Materials Imaging and Dynamics (MID)…
We developed a new magnetic resonance imaging method called multinuclear fingerprinting (MNF) which leverages simultaneously-acquired proton (1H) and sodium (23Na) data to generate seven quantitative maps of the whole brain: proton density…
Optical fiber technologies enable high-speed communication, medical imaging, and advanced sensing. Among the techniques for the characterization of optical fibers, Xray computed tomography has recently emerged as a versatile non-destructive…
Matrix multiplication is a fundamental kernel in large-scale artificial intelligence and scientific computing, but its performance on conventional electronic accelerators is increasingly constrained by memory bandwidth and energy…
Fabrication of X-ray gratings has surged in the last two decades thanks to their vast employment in X-ray Phase Contrast Imaging, an imaging technique able to boost X-ray sensitivity to detect otherwise invisible details. These high aspect…
High-quality and prebunched electron beams can produce coherent x-rays with high intensity and narrow bandwidth, which is essential for modern light sources. An all-optical scheme based on plasma-based acceleration to produce bright…
Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an emerging medical imaging technique to visualize the internal anatomical structures of patients. During a CBCT scan, several projection images of different angles or views are collectively utilized…
X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) experiments have brought unique capabilities and opened new directions in research, such as creating new states of matter or directly measuring atomic motion. One such area is the ability to use finely…
Optical excitation and control of excitonic wavepackets in organic molecules is the basis to energy conversion processes. To gain insights into such processes, it is essential to establish the relationship between the coherence timescales…
Accurate lesion detection in computer tomography (CT) slices benefits pathologic organ analysis in the medical diagnosis process. More recently, it has been tackled as an object detection problem using the Convolutional Neural Networks…
In this paper we investigate, with a detailed Monte-Carlo simulation based on Geant4, the novel approach [Nucl. Instrum. Methods A588 (2008) 457] to 3D imaging with photon scattering. A monochromatic and well collimated gamma beam is used…
Feature sizes in integrated circuits have decreased substantially over time, and it has become increasingly difficult to three-dimensionally image these complex circuits after fabrication. This can be important for process development,…
Beam hardening (BH) is one of the major artifacts that severely reduces the quality of Computed Tomography (CT) imaging. In a polychromatic X-ray beam, since low-energy photons are more preferentially absorbed, the attenuation of the beam…
Statistical machine learning has widespread application in various domains. These methods include probabilistic algorithms, such as Markov Chain Monte-Carlo (MCMC), which rely on generating random numbers from probability distributions.…
High-brightness X-ray Free Electron Lasers (FELs) produce spatially and temporally coherent pulses on attosecond to femtosecond timescales, providing a transformative tool for discovery across biology, chemistry, physics, and materials…
Fiber-integrated micro-optical elements promise a scalable approach to photon collection and beam shaping for quantum information processing. Here, we demonstrate single-step fabrication of micro-spherical, micro-spiral, and micro-axicon…
Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a widely used state-of-the-art instrument employed to study the morphological structures of objects in various fields. However, its small field-of-view (FOV) cannot meet the pressing demand for…