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In this paper we establish combinatorial characterisations of symmetry-generic infinitesimally rigid frameworks in the Euclidean plane for rotational groups of order 4 and 6, and of odd order between 5 and 1000, where a joint may lie at the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-11 Alison La Porta , Bernd Schulze

A result due in its various parts to Hendrickson, Connelly, and Jackson and Jord\'an, provides a purely combinatorial characterisation of global rigidity for generic bar-joint frameworks in $\mathbb{R}^2$. The analogous conditions are known…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2013-06-12 Bill Jackson , Thomas McCourt , Anthony Nixon

A rigidity theory is developed for the Euclidean and non-Euclidean placements of countably infinite simple graphs in R^d with respect to the classical l^p norms, for d>1 and 1<p<\infty. Generalisations are obtained for the Laman and…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2013-10-08 D. Kitson , S. C. Power

Periodic frameworks with crystallographic symmetry are investigated from the perspective of a general deformation theory of periodic bar-and-joint structures in $R^d$. It is shown that natural parametrizations provide affine section…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2011-10-24 Ciprian S. Borcea , Ileana Streinu

Symmetry equations are obtained for the rigidity matrix of a bar-joint framework in R^d. These form the basis for a short proof of the Fowler-Guest symmetry group generalisation of the Calladine-Maxwell counting rules. Similar symmetry…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2010-09-23 J. C. Owen , S. C. Power

The combinatorial characterization of generic rigidity for bar-joint frameworks in dimensions $d \ge 3$ has been a long-standing open problem in discrete geometry. While the two-dimensional case was resolved in 1927 by Pollaczek-Geiringer…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Alexander Heaton

Combinatorial rigidity theory seeks to describe the rigidity or flexibility of bar-joint frameworks in R^d in terms of the structure of the underlying graph G. The goal of this article is to broaden the foundations of combinatorial rigidity…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-10-05 Mike Develin , Jeremy L. Martin , Victor Reiner

We consider the global rigidity problem for bar-joint frameworks where each vertex is constrained to lie on a particular line in $\mathbb R^d$. In our setting we allow multiple vertices to be constrained to the same line. Under a mild…

The mathematical theory of rigidity of body-bar and body-hinge frameworks provides a useful tool for analyzing the rigidity and flexibility of many articulated structures appearing in engineering, robotics and biochemistry. In this paper we…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2014-02-04 Bernd Schulze , Shin-ichi Tanigawa

Recent work has shown that if an isostatic bar and joint framework possesses non-trivial symmetries, then it must satisfy some very simply stated restrictions on the number of joints and bars that are `fixed' by various symmetry operations…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2009-07-14 Bernd Schulze

Symmetry equations are obtained for the rigidity matrices associated with various forms of infinitesimal flexibility for an idealised bond-node crystal framework $\C$ in $\bR^d$. These equations are used to derive symmetry-adapted…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-07-15 Stephen Power

In structural rigidity, one studies frameworks of bars and joints in Euclidean space. Such a framework is an articulated structure consisting of rigid bars, joined together at joints around which the bars may rotate. In this paper, we will…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-28 Joannes Vermant , Klara Stokes

A bar-joint framework $(G,p)$ is the combination of a graph $G$ and a map $p$ assigning positions, in some space, to the vertices of $G$. The framework is rigid if every edge-length-preserving continuous motion of the vertices arises from…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-21 Sean Dewar , John Hewetson , Anthony Nixon

We give a combinatorial characterization of generic minimal rigidity for planar periodic frameworks. The characterization is a true analogue of the Maxwell-Laman Theorem from rigidity theory: it is stated in terms of a finite combinatorial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-24 Justin Malestein , Louis Theran

We give a combinatorial characterization of generic frameworks that are minimally rigid under the additional constraint of maintaining symmetry with respect to a finite order rotation or a reflection. To establish these results we develop a…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Justin Malestein , Louis Theran

Combinatorial characterisations are obtained of symmetric and anti-symmetric infinitesimal rigidity for two-dimensional frameworks with reflectional symmetry in the case of norms where the unit ball is a quadrilateral and where the…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2017-09-27 Derek Kitson , Bernd Schulze

A foundational theorem of Laman provides a counting characterisation of the finite simple graphs whose generic bar-joint frameworks in two dimensions are infinitesimally rigid. Recently a Laman-type characterisation was obtained for…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2014-06-10 Anthony Nixon , John Owen , Stephen Power

A $d$-dimensional (bar-and-joint) framework $(G,p)$ consists of a graph $G=(V,E)$ and a realisation $p:V\to \mathbb{R}^d$. It is rigid if every continuous motion of the vertices which preserves the lengths of the edges is induced by an…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-08-19 James Cruickshank , Bill Jackson , Tibor Jordán , Shin-ichi Tanigawa

Crystallographic groups describe the symmetries of crystals and other repetitive structures encountered in nature and the sciences. These groups include the wallpaper and space groups. We derive linear and nonlinear representations of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-09 Ryan P. Adams , Peter Orbanz

Let $G$ be a graph on $n$ nodes. In this note, we prove that if $G$ is $(r+1)$-vertex connected, $1 \leq r \leq n-2$, then there exists a configuration $p$ in general position in $R^r$ such that the bar framework $(G,p)$ is universally…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2014-08-18 A. Y. Alfakih