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Related papers: On-the-fly Preference Alignment via Principle-Guid…

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Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback and its variants excel in aligning with human intentions to generate helpful, harmless, and honest responses. However, most of them rely on costly human-annotated pairwise comparisons for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Hongyu Yang , Qi Zhao , Zhenhua hu , Rui Li

The alignment of large language models with human values presents a critical challenge, particularly when balancing conflicting objectives like helpfulness and harmlessness. Existing approaches, such as Reinforcement Learning from Human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yuxuan Liu

Offline Preference-based Reinforcement Learning (PbRL) learns rewards and policies aligned with human preferences without the need for extensive reward engineering and direct interaction with human annotators. However, ensuring safety…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Ze Gong , Pradeep Varakantham , Akshat Kumar

As large language models (LLMs) see greater use in academic and commercial settings, there is increasing interest in methods that allow language models to generate texts aligned with human preferences. In this paper, we present an initial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Victoria Lin , Eli Ben-Michael , Louis-Philippe Morency

Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with general human preferences has been proved crucial in improving the interaction quality between LLMs and human. However, human values are inherently diverse among different individuals, making it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Jianfei Zhang , Jun Bai , Bei Li , Yanmeng Wang , Rumei Li , Chenghua Lin , Wenge Rong

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with diverse and multifaceted user preferences is a fundamental challenge in personalized AI systems. Existing multi-objective alignment methods either rely on costly training or require pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Linhao Luo , Thuy-Trang Vu , Van-Anh Nguyen , Junae Kim , Gholamreza Haffari , Dinh Phung

Recent advances in large language models have highlighted the critical need for precise control over model outputs through predefined constraints. While existing methods attempt to achieve this through either direct instruction-response…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Zhouhong Gu , Xingzhou Chen , Xiaoran Shi , Tao Wang , Suhang Zheng , Tianyu Li , Hongwei Feng , Yanghua Xiao

Offline reinforcement learning refers to the process of learning policies from fixed datasets, without requiring additional environment interaction. However, it often relies on well-defined reward functions, which are difficult and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Xiancheng Gao , Yufeng Shi , Wengang Zhou , Houqiang Li

Direct alignment algorithms (DAAs), such as direct preference optimization (DPO), have become popular alternatives for Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) due to their simplicity, efficiency, and stability. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Jongwoo Ko , Saket Dingliwal , Bhavana Ganesh , Sailik Sengupta , Sravan Bodapati , Aram Galstyan

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is a powerful paradigm for aligning foundation models to human values and preferences. However, current RLHF techniques cannot account for the naturally occurring differences in individual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Sriyash Poddar , Yanming Wan , Hamish Ivison , Abhishek Gupta , Natasha Jaques

Reinforcement learning with human feedback~(RLHF) is critical for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preference. Compared to the widely studied offline version of RLHF, \emph{e.g.} direct preference optimization (DPO), recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Lichang Chen , Jiuhai Chen , Chenxi Liu , John Kirchenbauer , Davit Soselia , Chen Zhu , Tom Goldstein , Tianyi Zhou , Heng Huang

In current Large Language Models we can trust the production of smoothly flowing prose on the basis of the principles of machine learning. However, there is no comparably principled basis to justify trust in the content of the text…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Leslie G. Valiant

Aligning large-scale text-to-image diffusion models with nuanced human preferences remains challenging. While direct preference optimization (DPO) is simple and effective, large-scale finetuning often shows a generalization gap. We take…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Zhou Jiang , Yandong Wen , Zhen Liu

We are interested in the design of autonomous robot behaviors that learn the preferences of users over continued interactions, with the goal of efficiently executing navigation behaviors in a way that the user expects. In this paper, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Cory Hayes , Matthew Marge

Behavioral skills or policies for autonomous agents are conventionally learned from reward functions, via reinforcement learning, or from demonstrations, via imitation learning. However, both modes of task specification have their…

A general method for accelerating fixed point schemes for problems related to partial differential equations is presented in this article. The speedup is obtained by training a reduced-order model on-the-fly, removing the need to do an…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-01 Philippe-André Luneau , Jean Deteix

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has become central to aligning large language models with human values, typically by first learning a reward model from preference data which is then used to update the model with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Keertana Chidambaram , Karthik Vinay Seetharaman , Vasilis Syrgkanis

Offline multi-objective optimization aims to identify Pareto-optimal solutions given a dataset of designs and their objective values. In this work, we propose a preference-guided diffusion model that generates Pareto-optimal designs by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Yashas Annadani , Syrine Belakaria , Stefano Ermon , Stefan Bauer , Barbara E Engelhardt

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) is a prevalent approach to align AI systems with human values by learning rewards from human preference data. Due to various reasons, however, such data typically takes the form of rankings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Ilgee Hong , Zichong Li , Alexander Bukharin , Yixiao Li , Haoming Jiang , Tianbao Yang , Tuo Zhao

The emergence of large Vision Language Models (VLMs) has broadened the scope and capabilities of single-modal Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating visual modalities, thereby unlocking transformative cross-modal applications in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Shuo Xing , Peiran Li , Yuping Wang , Ruizheng Bai , Yueqi Wang , Chan-Wei Hu , Chengxuan Qian , Huaxiu Yao , Zhengzhong Tu
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