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Deep learning has shown promising results in medical image analysis, however, the lack of very large annotated datasets confines its full potential. Although transfer learning with ImageNet pre-trained classification models can alleviate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-16 Ken C. L. Wong , Tanveer Syeda-Mahmood , Mehdi Moradi

Recent learning-based approaches have made astonishing advances in calibrated medical imaging like computerized tomography (CT), yet they struggle to generalize in uncalibrated modalities -- notably magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Peirong Liu , Oula Puonti , Xiaoling Hu , Daniel C. Alexander , Juan E. Iglesias

Large-scale pre-trained models, such as Vision Foundation Models (VFMs), have demonstrated impressive performance across various downstream tasks by transferring generalized knowledge, especially when target data is limited. However, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Pengchen Liang , Haishan Huang , Bin Pu , Jianguo Chen , Xiang Hua , Jing Zhang , Weibo Ma , Zhuangzhuang Chen , Yiwei Li , Qing Chang

As the potential of foundation models in visual tasks has garnered significant attention, pretraining these models before downstream tasks has become a crucial step. The three key factors in pretraining foundation models are the pretraining…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Keumgang Cha , Junghoon Seo , Taekyung Lee

Medical multi-modal pre-training has revealed promise in computer-aided diagnosis by leveraging large-scale unlabeled datasets. However, existing methods based on masked autoencoders mainly rely on data-level reconstruction tasks, but lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Yupei Zhang , Li Pan , Qiushi Yang , Tan Li , Zhen Chen

Purpose. Brain Magnetic Resonance Images (MRIs) are essential for the diagnosis of neurological diseases. Recently, deep learning methods for unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) have been proposed for the analysis of brain MRI. These…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-15 Marcel Bengs , Finn Behrendt , Julia Krüger , Roland Opfer , Alexander Schlaefer

Stereo matching has become a key technique for 3D environment perception in intelligent vehicles. For a considerable time, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have remained the mainstream choice for feature extraction in this domain.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Chuang-Wei Liu , Qijun Chen , Rui Fan

The recent integration of artificial intelligence into medical imaging has driven remarkable advances in automated organ segmentation. However, most existing 3D segmentation frameworks rely exclusively on visual learning from large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Hasan Faraz Khan , Noor Fatima , Muzammil Behzad

Obtaining large pre-trained models that can be fine-tuned to new tasks with limited annotated samples has remained an open challenge for medical imaging data. While pre-trained deep networks on ImageNet and vision-language foundation models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Duy M. H. Nguyen , Hoang Nguyen , Nghiem T. Diep , Tan N. Pham , Tri Cao , Binh T. Nguyen , Paul Swoboda , Nhat Ho , Shadi Albarqouni , Pengtao Xie , Daniel Sonntag , Mathias Niepert

The widespread use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in combination with deep learning shows promise for many high-impact automated diagnostic and prognostic tools. However, training new models requires large amounts of labeled data, a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-24 Haoyu Dong , Yuwen Chen , Hanxue Gu , Nicholas Konz , Yaqian Chen , Qihang Li , Maciej A. Mazurowski

Many healthcare applications are inherently multimodal, involving several physiological signals. As sensors for these signals become more common, improving machine learning methods for multimodal healthcare data is crucial. Pretraining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Ching Fang , Christopher Sandino , Behrooz Mahasseni , Juri Minxha , Hadi Pouransari , Erdrin Azemi , Ali Moin , Ellen Zippi

Retinal blood vessel segmentation can extract clinically relevant information from fundus images. As manual tracing is cumbersome, algorithms based on Convolution Neural Networks have been developed. Such studies have used small publicly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-24 Jeremiah Fadugba , Patrick Köhler , Lisa Koch , Petru Manescu , Philipp Berens

Despite being resource-intensive to train, 3D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been the standard approach to classify CT and MRI scans. Recent work suggests that deep multiple instance learning (MIL) may be a more efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Ethan Harvey , Dennis Johan Loevlie , Amir Ali Satani , Wansu Chen , David M. Kent , Michael C. Hughes

Deep Learning (DL) and specifically CNN models have become a de facto method for a wide range of vision tasks, outperforming traditional machine learning (ML) methods. Consequently, they drew a lot of attention in the neuroimaging field in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Benoit Dufumier , Pietro Gori , Ilaria Battaglia , Julie Victor , Antoine Grigis , Edouard Duchesnay

Purpose: This study provides the first comprehensive evaluation of foundation models in fetal ultrasound (US) imaging under low inter-class variability conditions. While recent vision foundation models such as DINOv3 have shown remarkable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Edoardo Conti , Riccardo Rosati , Lorenzo Federici , Adriano Mancini , Maria Chiara Fiorentin

Medical Visual Question Answering (Med-VQA) holds significant potential for clinical decision support, yet existing efforts primarily focus on 2D imaging with limited task diversity. This paper presents 3D-RAD, a large-scale dataset…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Xiaotang Gai , Jiaxiang Liu , Yichen Li , Zijie Meng , Jian Wu , Zuozhu Liu

We investigated the adaptation and performance of Masked Autoencoders (MAEs) with Vision Transformer (ViT) architectures for self-supervised representation learning on one-dimensional (1D) ultrasound signals. Although MAEs have demonstrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Immanuel Roßteutscher , Klaus S. Drese , Thorsten Uphues

Recent breakthroughs in self-supervised learning have enabled the use of large unlabeled datasets to train visual foundation models that can generalize to a variety of downstream tasks. While this training paradigm is well suited for the…

Accurate, noninvasive glioma characterization is crucial for effective clinical management. Traditional methods, dependent on invasive tissue sampling, often fail to capture the spatial heterogeneity of the tumor. While deep learning has…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-11 Somayeh Farahani , Marjaneh Hejazi , Antonio Di Ieva , Emad Fatemizadeh , Sidong Liu

Multimodal medical image fusion plays an instrumental role in several areas of medical image processing, particularly in disease recognition and tumor detection. Traditional fusion methods tend to process each modality independently before…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-11 Lin Liu , Xinxin Fan , Chulong Zhang , Jingjing Dai , Yaoqin Xie , Xiaokun Liang