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While large language models (LLMs) are equipped with longer text input capabilities than before, they are struggling to seek correct information in long contexts. The "lost in the middle" problem challenges most LLMs, referring to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Junqing He , Kunhao Pan , Xiaoqun Dong , Zhuoyang Song , Yibo Liu , Qianguo Sun , Yuxin Liang , Hao Wang , Enming Zhang , Jiaxing Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle to maintain their original performance when faced with semantically coherent but task-irrelevant contextual information. Although prior studies have explored this issue using fixed-template or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Yanbo Wang , Zixiang Xu , Yue Huang , Chujie Gao , Siyuan Wu , Jiayi Ye , Pin-Yu Chen , Xiuying Chen , Xiangliang Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in vision-language understanding, yet how they internally integrate visual and textual information remains poorly understood. To bridge this gap, we perform a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Shezheng Song , Shasha Li , Jie Yu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) recently showed strong capacity in integrating data among multiple modalities, empowered by a generalizable attention architecture. Advanced methods predominantly focus on language-centric tuning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Zhicheng Zhang , Wuyou Xia , Chenxi Zhao , Zhou Yan , Xiaoqiang Liu , Yongjie Zhu , Wenyu Qin , Pengfei Wan , Di Zhang , Jufeng Yang

Since their release, Transformers have revolutionized many fields from Natural Language Understanding to Computer Vision. Document Understanding (DU) was not left behind with first Transformer based models for DU dating from late 2019.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Thibault Douzon , Stefan Duffner , Christophe Garcia , Jérémy Espinas

Long-context understanding is crucial for many NLP applications, yet transformers struggle with efficiency due to the quadratic complexity of self-attention. Sparse attention methods alleviate this cost but often impose static, predefined…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Hanzhi Zhang , Heng Fan , Kewei Sha , Yan Huang , Yunhe Feng

Current language models often fail to incorporate long contexts efficiently during generation. We show that a major contributor to this issue are attention priors that are likely learned during pre-training: relevant information located…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Alexander Peysakhovich , Adam Lerer

The strong capabilities of recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have made them highly effective for zero-shot re-ranking task. Attention-based re-ranking methods, which derive relevance scores directly from attention weights, offer an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yuxing Tian , Fengran Mo , Weixu Zhang , Yiyan Qi , Jian-Yun Nie

While many advanced LLMs are designed to handle long sequence data, we can still observe notable quality degradation even within the sequence limit. In this work, we introduce a novel approach called Scaling to Emphasize Attention for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Changhun Lee , Minsang Seok , Jun-gyu Jin , Younghyun Cho , Eunhyeok Park

Large language models (LLMs), even when specifically trained to process long input contexts, struggle to capture relevant information located in the middle of their input. This phenomenon has been known as the lost-in-the-middle problem. In…

The strong zero-shot and long-context capabilities of recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have paved the way for highly effective re-ranking systems. Attention-based re-rankers leverage attention weights from transformer heads to produce…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Linh Tran , Yulong Li , Radu Florian , Wei Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess remarkable generalization capabilities but struggle with multi-task adaptation, particularly in balancing knowledge retention with task-specific specialization. Conventional fine-tuning methods suffer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Dayan Pan , Zhaoyang Fu , Jingyuan Wang , Xiao Han , Yue Zhu , Xiangyu Zhao

Cognitive distortions have been closely linked to mental health disorders, yet their automatic detection remains challenging due to contextual ambiguity, co-occurrence, and semantic overlap. We propose a novel framework that combines Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jun Seo Kim , Hyemi Kim , Woo Joo Oh , Hongjin Cho , Hochul Lee , Hye Hyeon Kim

Multi-view multi-label data offers richer perspectives for artificial intelligence, but simultaneously presents significant challenges for feature selection due to the inherent complexity of interrelations among features, views and labels.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yuzhou Liu , Jiarui Liu , Wanfu Gao

Modern large language models become multimodal, analyzing various data formats like text and images. While fine-tuning is effective for adapting these multimodal language models (MLMs) to downstream tasks, full fine-tuning is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Alexander Sergeev , Evgeny Kotelnikov

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance in numerous domains but often struggle to process lengthy inputs effectively and efficiently due to limited length generalization and attention's quadratic computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Yi Lu , Xin Zhou , Wei He , Jun Zhao , Tao Ji , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have achieved impressive results in various vision-language tasks. However, despite showing promising performance, LVLMs suffer from hallucinations caused by language bias, leading to diminished focus on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Haozhe Zhao , Shuzheng Si , Liang Chen , Yichi Zhang , Maosong Sun , Mingjia Zhang , Baobao Chang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have emerged as a central focus in both industry and academia, but often suffer from biases introduced by visual and language priors, which can lead to multimodal hallucination. These biases arise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Guanyu Zhou , Yibo Yan , Xin Zou , Kun Wang , Aiwei Liu , Xuming Hu

Large language models can now process increasingly long inputs, yet their ability to effectively use information spread across long contexts remains limited. We trace this gap to how attention budget is spent during supervised fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zehua Pei , Hui-Ling Zhen , Xianzhi Yu , Sinno Jialin Pan , Mingxuan Yuan , Bei Yu

Sliding-window attention offers a hardware-efficient solution to the memory and throughput challenges of Large Language Models (LLMs) in long-context scenarios. Existing methods typically employ a single window length across all attention…