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Aligning vision and language concepts at a finer level remains an essential topic of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), particularly for tasks such as referring and grounding. Existing methods, such as proxy encoding and geometry…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Tianren Ma , Lingxi Xie , Yunjie Tian , Boyu Yang , Qixiang Ye

Perception and understanding are two pillars of computer vision. While multimodal large language models (MLLM) have demonstrated remarkable visual understanding capabilities, they arguably lack accurate perception abilities, e.g. the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Qing Jiang , Gen Luo , Yuqin Yang , Yuda Xiong , Yihao Chen , Zhaoyang Zeng , Tianhe Ren , Lei Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong generalization in vision-language tasks, yet their ability to understand and act within embodied environments remains underexplored. We present NavBench, a benchmark to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yanyuan Qiao , Haodong Hong , Wenqi Lyu , Dong An , Siqi Zhang , Yutong Xie , Xinyu Wang , Qi Wu

This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in metaphor interpretation across multiple datasets, tasks, and prompt configurations. Although metaphor processing has gained significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Elisa Sanchez-Bayona , Rodrigo Agerri

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into software engineering workflows, yet current benchmarks provide only coarse performance summaries that obscure the diverse capabilities and limitations of these models. This paper…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Felix Mächtle , Jan-Niclas Serr , Nils Loose , Thomas Eisenbarth

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a class of deep learning models adept at understanding natural language and generating coherent responses to various prompts or queries. These models far exceed the complexity of conventional neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Minghao Shao , Abdul Basit , Ramesh Karri , Muhammad Shafique

Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) relies on the powerful LLM to perform multimodal tasks, showing amazing emergent abilities in recent studies, such as writing poems based on an image. However, it is difficult for these case studies to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Chaoyou Fu , Peixian Chen , Yunhang Shen , Yulei Qin , Mengdan Zhang , Xu Lin , Jinrui Yang , Xiawu Zheng , Ke Li , Xing Sun , Yunsheng Wu , Rongrong Ji , Caifeng Shan , Ran He

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have recently achieved rapid progress, sparking numerous studies to evaluate their multi-modal capabilities. However, we dig into current evaluation works and identify two primary issues: 1) Visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Lin Chen , Jinsong Li , Xiaoyi Dong , Pan Zhang , Yuhang Zang , Zehui Chen , Haodong Duan , Jiaqi Wang , Yu Qiao , Dahua Lin , Feng Zhao

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) exhibit impressive problem-solving abilities in various domains, but their visual comprehension and abstract reasoning skills remain under-evaluated. To this end, we present PolyMATH, a challenging…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Himanshu Gupta , Shreyas Verma , Ujjwala Anantheswaran , Kevin Scaria , Mihir Parmar , Swaroop Mishra , Chitta Baral

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated powerful capabilities in general spatial understanding and reasoning. However, their fine-grained spatial understanding and reasoning capabilities in complex urban scenarios have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Jun Zhang , Jie Feng , Long Chen , Junhui Wang , Zhicheng Liu , Depeng Jin , Yong Li

Comprehensive evaluation of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has recently garnered widespread attention in the research community. However, we observe that existing benchmarks present several common barriers that make it difficult…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Yi-Fan Zhang , Huanyu Zhang , Haochen Tian , Chaoyou Fu , Shuangqing Zhang , Junfei Wu , Feng Li , Kun Wang , Qingsong Wen , Zhang Zhang , Liang Wang , Rong Jin , Tieniu Tan

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have greatly improved their abilities in image understanding. However, these models often struggle with grasping pixel-level semantic details, e.g., the keypoints of an object.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Jie Yang , Wang Zeng , Sheng Jin , Lumin Xu , Wentao Liu , Chen Qian , Ruimao Zhang

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated potential in processing graphs, they struggle with comprehending graphical structure information through prompts of graph description sequences, especially as the graph size increases.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Yukun Cao , Shuo Han , Zengyi Gao , Zezhong Ding , Xike Xie , S. Kevin Zhou

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have displayed remarkable performance in multi-modal tasks, particularly in visual comprehension. However, we reveal that MLLMs often generate incorrect answers even when they understand the visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Yexin Liu , Zhengyang Liang , Yueze Wang , Xianfeng Wu , Feilong Tang , Muyang He , Jian Li , Zheng Liu , Harry Yang , Sernam Lim , Bo Zhao

Multimodal punchlines, which involve humor or sarcasm conveyed in image-caption pairs, are a popular way of communication on online multimedia platforms. With the rapid development of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Kun Ouyang , Yuanxin Liu , Shicheng Li , Yi Liu , Hao Zhou , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Xu Sun

Large Multimodal Model (LMM) is a hot research topic in the computer vision area and has also demonstrated remarkable potential across multiple disciplinary fields. A recent trend is to further extend and enhance the perception capabilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Yang Jiao , Shaoxiang Chen , Zequn Jie , Jingjing Chen , Lin Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Driven by vast and diverse textual data, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across numerous natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Yet, a critical question persists: does their generalization arise from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Boxiang Ma , Ru Li , Yuanlong Wang , Hongye Tan , Xiaoli Li

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are undergoing rapid progress and represent the frontier of AI development. However, their training and inference efficiency have emerged as a core bottleneck in making MLLMs more accessible and…

The upsurge in pre-trained large models started by ChatGPT has swept across the entire deep learning community. Such powerful models demonstrate advanced generative ability and multimodal understanding capability, which quickly set new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Ning Ding , Yehui Tang , Zhongqian Fu , Chao Xu , Kai Han , Yunhe Wang

With recent advancements in Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) across various domains, a novel prompting method called visual referring prompting has emerged, showing significant potential in enhancing human-computer interaction within…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Zongjie Li , Chaozheng Wang , Chaowei Liu , Pingchuan Ma , Daoyuan Wu , Shuai Wang , Cuiyun Gao
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