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The log-normal distribution is one of the most common distributions used for modeling skewed and positive data. It frequently arises in many disciplines of science, specially in the biological and medical sciences. The statistical analysis…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-01 Ayanendranath Basu , Abhijit Mandal , Nirian Martin , Leandro Pardo

We reconsider randomized algorithms for the low-rank approximation of symmetric positive semi-definite (SPSD) matrices such as Laplacian and kernel matrices that arise in data analysis and machine learning applications. Our main results…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-06-05 Alex Gittens , Michael W. Mahoney

Measuring divergence between two distributions is essential in machine learning and statistics and has various applications including binary classification, change point detection, and two-sample test. Furthermore, in the era of big data,…

We study the problem of designing consistent sequential two-sample tests in a nonparametric setting. Guided by the principle of testing by betting, we reframe this task into that of selecting a sequence of payoff functions that maximize the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Shubhanshu Shekhar , Aaditya Ramdas

Testing the dependency between two random variables is an important inference problem in statistics since many statistical procedures rely on the assumption that the two samples are independent. To test whether two samples are independent,…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-04 Jin-Ting Zhang , Tianming Zhu

We propose a new one-sample test for normality in a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS). Namely, we test the null-hypothesis of belonging to a given family of Gaussian distributions. Hence our procedure may be applied either to test…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-07-13 Jérémie Kellner , Alain Celisse

Quantifying the similarity of two or more datasets has widespread applications in statistics and machine learning. The method choice is, however, difficult due to the abundance of proposed methods and the lack of neutral comparison studies,…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-14 Marieke Stolte , Jörg Rahnenführer , Andrea Bommert

Two-sample hypothesis testing for large graphs is popular in cognitive science, probabilistic machine learning and artificial intelligence. While numerous methods have been proposed in the literature to address this problem, less attention…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-20 Xin Jin , Kit Chan , Ian Barnett , Riddhi Pratim Ghosh

Let $\mathbf{X} = (X_i)_{1\leq i \leq n}$ be an i.i.d. sample of square-integrable variables in $\mathbb{R}^d$, \GB{with common expectation $\mu$ and covariance matrix $\Sigma$, both unknown.} We consider the problem of testing if $\mu$ is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Gilles Blanchard , Jean-Baptiste Fermanian

We propose a framework to construct practical kernel-based two-sample tests from the family of $f$-divergences. The test statistic is computed from the witness function of a regularized variational representation of the divergence, which we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-28 Mónica Ribero , Antonin Schrab , Arthur Gretton

Testing the equality of two conditional distributions is crucial in various modern applications, including transfer learning and causal inference. Despite its importance, this fundamental problem has received surprisingly little attention…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-04 Jian Yan , Zhuoxi Li , Xianyang Zhang

A new goodness-of-fit test for normality in high-dimension (and Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space) is proposed. It shares common ideas with the Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) it outperforms both in terms of computation time and applicability…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-04-14 Jérémie Kellner , Alain Celisse

We propose novel methodology for testing equality of model parameters between two high-dimensional populations. The technique is very general and applicable to a wide range of models. The method is based on sample splitting: the data is…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-01-17 Nicolas Städler , Sach Mukherjee

Bias evaluation is fundamental to trustworthy AI, both in terms of checking data quality and in terms of checking the outputs of AI systems. In testing data quality, for example, one may study the distance of a given dataset, viewed as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Jiří Němeček , Mark Kozdoba , Illia Kryvoviaz , Tomáš Pevný , Jakub Mareček

Many kernel methods suffer from high time and space complexities and are thus prohibitive in big-data applications. To tackle the computational challenge, the Nystr\"om method has been extensively used to reduce time and space complexities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-04-02 Shusen Wang , Zhihua Zhang

Maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) has enjoyed a lot of success in many machine learning and statistical applications, including non-parametric hypothesis testing, because of its ability to handle non-Euclidean data. Recently, it has been…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-24 Omar Hagrass , Bharath K. Sriperumbudur , Bing Li

We propose a two-sample test for high-dimensional means that requires neither distributional nor correlational assumptions, besides some weak conditions on the moments and tail properties of the elements in the random vectors. This…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-04-17 Kaijie Xue , Fang Yao

The trimming scheme with a prefixed cutoff portion is known as a method of improving the robustness of statistical models such as multivariate Gaussian mixture models (MG- MMs) in small scale tests by alleviating the impacts of outliers.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-05-20 Dalei Wu , Haiqing Wu

In modern scientific research, small-scale studies with limited participants are increasingly common. However, interpreting individual outcomes can be challenging, making it standard practice to combine data across studies using random…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Lucas Kania , Larry Wasserman , Sivaraman Balakrishnan

Two-sample tests are important areas aiming to determine whether two collections of observations follow the same distribution or not. We propose two-sample tests based on integral probability metric (IPM) for high-dimensional samples…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-21 Jie Wang , Minshuo Chen , Tuo Zhao , Wenjing Liao , Yao Xie