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Optical frequency division based on bulk or fiber optics provides unprecedented spectral purity for microwave oscillators. To extend the applications of this approach, the big challenges are to develop miniaturized optical frequency…
Numerous modern technologies are reliant on the low-phase noise and exquisite timing stability of microwave signals. Substantial progress has been made in the field of microwave photonics, whereby low noise microwave signals are generated…
The next-generation sensing and communication applications rely on high-frequency microwave generation with low-noise. The microwave photonic technology is promising by the practical application is limited by its complex architecture so…
Low-noise microwave oscillators are cornerstones for wireless communication, radar and clocks. Optical frequency combs have enabled photonic microwaves with unrivalled noise performance and bandwidth. Emerging interest is to generate…
Optical frequency division relies on optical frequency combs to coherently translate ultra-stable optical frequency references to the microwave domain. This technology has enabled microwave synthesis with ultralow timing noise, but the…
The generation of ultra-low noise microwave and mmWave in miniaturized, chip-based platforms can transform communication, radar, and sensing systems. Optical frequency division that leverages optical references and optical frequency combs…
Low phase noise microwave oscillators are at the center of a multitude of applications that span the gamut of photonics and electronics. Within this space, optically-derived approaches to microwave frequency synthesis are particularly…
Photonic integration offers the potential to bring complex high-performance optical systems to the form factor of a compact semiconductor chip. However, the range of system functions accessible critically depends on the extent to which…
Photonic-based low-phase-noise microwave generation with real-time frequency tuning is crucial for a broad spectrum of subjects, including next-generation wireless communications, radar, metrology, and modern instrumentation. Here, for the…
Optical pulse shaping stands as a formidable technique in ultrafast optics, radio-frequency photonics, and quantum communications. While existing systems rely on bulk optics or integrated platforms with planar waveguide sections for spatial…
We report ultra-low phase-noise microwave generation at a 9.6 GHz carrier frequency from optical frequency combs based on diode-pumped solid-state lasers emitting at telecom wavelength and referenced to a common cavity-stabilized…
We present an optical frequency divider based on a 200 MHz repetition rate Er:fiber mode-locked laser that, when locked to a stable optical frequency reference, generates microwave signals with absolute phase noise that is equal to or…
The synthesis of ultralow-noise microwaves is of both scientific and technological relevance for timing, metrology, communications and radio-astronomy. Today, the lowest reported phase noise signals are obtained via optical…
Microelectromechanical systems and integrated photonics provide the basis for many reliable and compact circuit elements in modern communication systems. Electro-opto-mechanical devices are currently one of the leading approaches to realize…
Photonic integrated circuits that exploit nonlinear optics in order to generate and process signals all-optically have achieved performance far superior to that possible electronically - particularly with respect to speed. We review the…
Millimeter-wave oscillators underpin key applications in communication, spectroscopy, radar, and astronomy, yet their achievable spectral purity remains limited. Approaches that directly generate millimeter-wave carriers are fundamentally…
Microwaves generated by optical techniques have demonstrated unprecedentedly low noise and hold significance in various applications such as communication, radar, instrumentation, and metrology. To date, the purest microwave signals are…
Optically generated microwave signals exhibit some of the lowest phase noise and timing jitter of any microwave-generating technology to date. The success of octave-spanning optical frequency combs in down-converting ultrastable optical…
We propose a device architecture capable of direct quantum electro-optical conversion of microwave to optical photons. The hybrid system consists of a planar superconducting microwave circuit coupled to an integrated whispering-gallery-mode…
We demonstrate ultralow phase noise 10-GHz microwave signal generation from a free-running mode-locked Er-fiber laser with -142 and -157 dBc/Hz single-sideband absolute phase noise at 10- and 100-kHz offset frequencies, respectively. The…