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Learning the evolution of real-time strategy (RTS) game is a challenging problem in artificial intelligent (AI) system. In this paper, we present a novel Hebbian learning method to extract the global feature of point sets in StarCraft II…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Beomseok Kang , Harshit Kumar , Saurabh Dash , Saibal Mukhopadhyay

Competitive Self-Play (CSP) based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has shown phenomenal breakthroughs recently. Strong AIs are achieved for several benchmarks, including Dota 2, Glory of Kings, Quake III, StarCraft II, to name a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Peng Sun , Jiechao Xiong , Lei Han , Xinghai Sun , Shuxing Li , Jiawei Xu , Meng Fang , Zhengyou Zhang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have expanded the horizons of natural language understanding and generation. Notably, the output control and alignment with the input of LLMs can be refined through instruction tuning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Ming Li , Lichang Chen , Jiuhai Chen , Shwai He , Heng Huang , Jiuxiang Gu , Tianyi Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as the dominant paradigm for robotic task planning using natural language instructions. However, trained on general internet data, LLMs are not inherently aligned with the embodiment, skill sets,…

Training large language model (LLM) agents for adversarial games is often driven by episodic objectives such as win rate. In long-horizon settings, however, payoffs are shaped by latent strategic externalities that evolve over time, so…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Boyang Xia , Weiyou Tian , Qingnan Ren , Jiaqi Huang , Jie Xiao , Shuo Lu , Kai Wang , Lynn Ai , Eric Yang , Bill Shi

Traditional esports scouting workflows rely heavily on manual video review and aggregate performance metrics, which often fail to capture the nuanced decision-making patterns necessary to determine if a prospect fits a specific tactical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Qing Yan , Wenyu Yang , Yufei Wang , Wenhao Ma , Linchong Hu , Yifei Jin , Anton Dahbura

Despite the impressive capabilities of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) agents in many challenging scenarios, their black-box decision-making process significantly limits their deployment in safety-sensitive domains. Several previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Xiao Liu , Jie Zhao , Wubing Chen , Mao Tan , Yongxing Su

Reinforcement learning (RL) provides a naturalistic framing for learning through trial and error, which is appealing both because of its simplicity and effectiveness and because of its resemblance to how humans and animals acquire skills…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Archit Sharma , Kelvin Xu , Nikhil Sardana , Abhishek Gupta , Karol Hausman , Sergey Levine , Chelsea Finn

Pre-trained Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models represent a major leap towards general-purpose robots, yet efficiently adapting them to novel, specific tasks in-situ remains a significant hurdle. While reinforcement learning (RL) is a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Baicheng Li , Dong Wu , Zike Yan , Xinchen Liu , Lusong Li , Zecui Zeng , Hongbin Zha

Reinforcement learning is a powerful framework for robots to acquire skills from experience, but often requires a substantial amount of online data collection. As a result, it is difficult to collect sufficiently diverse experiences that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Karl Schmeckpeper , Oleh Rybkin , Kostas Daniilidis , Sergey Levine , Chelsea Finn

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been used for sequential decision making in interactive environments. However, leveraging environment reward signals for continual LLM actor improvement is not straightforward. We propose Skill Set…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Kolby Nottingham , Bodhisattwa Prasad Majumder , Bhavana Dalvi Mishra , Sameer Singh , Peter Clark , Roy Fox

Recent successes of reinforcement learning (RL) in training large reasoning models motivate the question of whether self-training - the process where a model learns from its own judgments - can be sustained within RL. In this work, we study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Sheikh Shafayat , Fahim Tajwar , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Jeff Schneider , Andrea Zanette

Embodied LLMs endow robots with high-level task reasoning, but they cannot reflect on what went wrong or why, turning deployment into a sequence of independent trials where mistakes repeat rather than accumulate into experience. Drawing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yining Hong , Huang Huang , Manling Li , Li Fei-Fei , Leonidas Guibas , Jiajun Wu , Yejin Choi

Solving complex long-horizon robotic manipulation problems requires sophisticated high-level planning capabilities, the ability to reason about the physical world, and reactively choose appropriate motor skills. Vision-language models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yunhai Feng , Jiaming Han , Zhuoran Yang , Xiangyu Yue , Sergey Levine , Jianlan Luo

Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a capable and intuitive structure for the fundamental sequential decision-making problem. Despite impressive breakthroughs, it can still be difficult to employ RL in practice in many simple applications.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Aida Afshar , Wenchao Li

Autoprompting is the process of automatically selecting optimized prompts for language models, which has been gaining popularity with the rapid advancement of prompt engineering, driven by extensive research in the field of large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Viktor N. Zhuravlev , Artur R. Khairullin , Ernest A. Dyagin , Alena N. Sitkina , Nikita I. Kulin

Teaching large language models (LLMs) to reason during post-training typically relies on reinforcement learning with explicit outcome- or process-based reward functions. However, in many real-world settings, obtaining or defining such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Claudio Fanconi , Nicolás Astorga , Mihaela van der Schaar

Reinforcement learning (RL) is typically concerned with estimating stationary policies or single-step models, leveraging the Markov property to factorize problems in time. However, we can also view RL as a generic sequence modeling problem,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Michael Janner , Qiyang Li , Sergey Levine

To improve the performance of large language models (LLMs), researchers have explored providing LLMs with textual task-solving experience via prompts. However, they rely on manual efforts to acquire and apply such experience for each task,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Jinglong Gao , Xiao Ding , Yiming Cui , Jianbai Zhao , Hepeng Wang , Ting Liu , Bing Qin

We propose a Reinforcement Learning (RL) based control design framework for handling complex tasks. The approach extends the concept of Reward Machines (RM) with Signal Temporal Logic (STL) formulas that can be used for event generation.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Ana María Gómez Ruiz , Thao Dang , Alexandre Donzé
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