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In the same way that generative models today conduct most of their training in a self-supervised fashion, how can agentic models conduct their training in a self-supervised fashion, interactively exploring, learning, and preparing to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Kathryn Wantlin , Chongyi Zheng , Benjamin Eysenbach

Deep Reinforcement Learning has been shown to be very successful in complex games, e.g. Atari or Go. These games have clearly defined rules, and hence allow simulation. In many practical applications, however, interactions with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Andreas Merentitis , Kashif Rasul , Roland Vollgraf , Abdul-Saboor Sheikh , Urs Bergmann

This work considers a repeated principal-agent bandit game, where the principal can only interact with her environment through the agent. The principal and the agent have misaligned objectives and the choice of action is only left to the…

Agents powered by large language models have shown remarkable abilities in solving complex tasks. However, most agent systems remain reactive, limiting their effectiveness in scenarios requiring foresight and autonomous decision-making. In…

Reward function, as an incentive representation that recognizes humans' agency and rationalizes humans' actions, is particularly appealing for modeling human behavior in human-robot interaction. Inverse Reinforcement Learning is an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Ran Tian , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Liting Sun

To successfully tackle challenging manipulation tasks, autonomous agents must learn a diverse set of skills and how to combine them. Recently, self-supervised agents that set their own abstract goals by exploiting the discovered structure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Andrii Zadaianchuk , Georg Martius , Fanny Yang

Reinforcement learning allows solving complex tasks, however, the learning tends to be task-specific and the sample efficiency remains a challenge. We present Plan2Explore, a self-supervised reinforcement learning agent that tackles both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Ramanan Sekar , Oleh Rybkin , Kostas Daniilidis , Pieter Abbeel , Danijar Hafner , Deepak Pathak

Model-free reinforcement learning (RL) can be used to learn effective policies for complex tasks, such as Atari games, even from image observations. However, this typically requires very large amounts of interaction -- substantially more,…

Exploration algorithms for reinforcement learning typically replace or augment the reward function with an additional ``intrinsic'' reward that trains the agent to seek previously unseen states of the environment. Here, we consider an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Kevin McKee , Eric Alt , Andrew Grebenisan , Mick van Gelderen , Gary Miguel

Recently, there have been several high-profile achievements of agents learning to play games against humans and beat them. In this paper, we study the problem of training intelligent agents in service of game development. Unlike the agents…

Training automated agents to complete complex tasks in interactive environments is challenging: reinforcement learning requires careful hand-engineering of reward functions, imitation learning requires specialized infrastructure and access…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Olivia Watkins , Trevor Darrell , Pieter Abbeel , Jacob Andreas , Abhishek Gupta

Humans and animals explore their environment and acquire useful skills even in the absence of clear goals, exhibiting intrinsic motivation. The study of intrinsic motivation in artificial agents is concerned with the following question:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Nicholas Rhinehart , Jenny Wang , Glen Berseth , John D. Co-Reyes , Danijar Hafner , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine

This study explores the potential for artificial agents to develop core consciousness, as proposed by Antonio Damasio's theory of consciousness. According to Damasio, the emergence of core consciousness relies on the integration of a self…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Mathis Immertreu , Achim Schilling , Andreas Maier , Patrick Krauss

Intelligent agents such as robots are increasingly deployed in real-world, safety-critical settings. It is vital that these agents are able to explain the reasoning behind their decisions to human counterparts; however, their behavior is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Xijia Zhang , Yue Guo , Simon Stepputtis , Katia Sycara , Joseph Campbell

One of the main research areas in Artificial Intelligence is the coding of agents (programs) which are able to learn by themselves in any situation. This means that agents must be useful for purposes other than those they were created for,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-02-04 Javier Insa-Cabrera , Jose Hernandez-Orallo

Numerous past works have tackled the problem of task-driven navigation. But, how to effectively explore a new environment to enable a variety of down-stream tasks has received much less attention. In this work, we study how agents can…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-06 Tao Chen , Saurabh Gupta , Abhinav Gupta

Learning and adaptation play great role in emergent socio-economic phenomena. Complex dynamics has been previously found in the systems of multiple learning agents interacting via a simple game. Meanwhile, the single agent adaptation is…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-05-18 Arkady Zgonnikov , Ihor Lubashevsky

This paper introduces a reinforcement learning framework that enables controllable and diverse player behaviors without relying on human gameplay data. Existing approaches often require large-scale player trajectories, train separate models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Atahan Cilan , Atay Özgövde

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Reinforcement Learning (RL) are two powerful approaches for building autonomous agents. However, due to limited understanding of the game environment, agents often resort to inefficient exploration and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Ziyu Chen , Zhiqing Xiao , Xinbei Jiang , Junbo Zhao

We argue that 3-D first-person video games are a challenging environment for real-time multi-modal reasoning. We first describe our dataset of human game-play, collected across a large variety of 3-D first-person games, which is both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yuguang Yue , Irakli Salia , Samuel Hunt , Christopher Green , Wenzhe Shi , Jonathan J Hunt
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