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Existing deep learning methods for radiology report generation enhance diagnostic efficiency but often overlook physician-informed medical priors. This leads to a suboptimal alignment between the structured explanations and disease…

Tissues and Organs · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-13 Aishik Konwer , Moinak Bhattacharya , Prateek Prasanna

The segmentation of retinal vessels is of significance for doctors to diagnose the fundus diseases. However, existing methods have various problems in the segmentation of the retinal vessels, such as insufficient segmentation of retinal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-14 Yun Jiang , Ning Tan

Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are a diverse group of genetic disorders that lead to progressive vision loss and are a major cause of blindness in working-age adults. The complexity and heterogeneity of IRDs pose significant challenges…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-15 Han Trinh , Jordan Vice , Jason Charng , Zahra Tajbakhsh , Khyber Alam , Fred K. Chen , Ajmal Mian

Blind face restoration endeavors to restore a clear face image from a degraded counterpart. Recent approaches employing Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) as priors have demonstrated remarkable success in this field. However, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Xiaobin Lu , Xiaobin Hu , Jun Luo , Ben Zhu , Yaping Ruan , Wenqi Ren

Generative AI for automated glaucoma diagnostic report generation faces two predominant challenges: content redundancy in narrative outputs and inadequate highlighting of pathologically significant features including optic disc cupping,…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Cheng Huang , Weizheng Xie , Zeyu Han , Tsengdar Lee , Karanjit Kooner , Jui-Ka Wang , Ning Zhang , Jia Zhang

The burgeoning field of brain health research increasingly leverages artificial intelligence (AI) to interpret and analyze neurological data. This study introduces a novel approach towards the creation of medical foundation models by…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-08 Joseph Cox , Peng Liu , Skylar E. Stolte , Yunchao Yang , Kang Liu , Kyle B. See , Huiwen Ju , Ruogu Fang

Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Glaucoma prognosis is essential for identifying at-risk patients and enabling timely intervention to prevent blindness. Many existing approaches rely on historical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yiran Song , Yikai Zhang , Silvia Orengo-Nania , Nian Wang , Fenglong Ma , Rui Zhang , Yifan Peng , Mingquan Lin

For medical diagnosis based on retinal images, a clear understanding of 3D structure is often required but due to the 2D nature of images captured, we cannot infer that information. However, by utilizing 3D reconstruction methods, we can…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-29 Peyman Tahghighi , Reza A. Zoroofi , Sare Safi , Alireza Ramezani

Corneal Confocal Microscopy (CCM) is a sensitive tool for assessing small-fiber damage in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN), yet the development of robust, automated deep learning-based diagnostic models is limited by scarce labelled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Xin Zhang , Liangxiu Han , Tam Sobeih , Yue Shi , Yalin Zheng , Uazman Alam , Maryam Ferdousi , Rayaz Malik

Retinopathy represents a group of retinal diseases that, if not treated timely, can cause severe visual impairments or even blindness. Many researchers have developed autonomous systems to recognize retinopathy via fundus and optical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-05 Taimur Hassan , Bilal Hassan , Muhammad Usman Akram , Shahrukh Hashmi , Abdel Hakim Taguri , Naoufel Werghi

Surface reconstruction from multiple, calibrated images is a challenging task - often requiring a large number of collected images with significant overlap. We look at the specific case of human foot reconstruction. As with previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Oliver Boyne , Roberto Cipolla

Optimizing the similarity between parametric shapes is crucial for numerous computer vision tasks, where Intersection over Union (IoU) stands as the canonical measure. However, existing optimization methods exhibit significant shortcomings:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Duy-Tho Le , Trung Pham , Jianfei Cai , Hamid Rezatofighi

Choroidal nevi are common benign pigmented lesions in the eye, with a small risk of transforming into melanoma. Early detection is critical to improving survival rates, but misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis can lead to poor outcomes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Mohammadmahdi Eshragh , Emad A. Mohammed , Behrouz Far , Ezekiel Weis , Carol L Shields , Sandor R Ferenczy , Trafford Crump

Many diseases are classified based on human-defined rubrics that are prone to bias. Supervised neural networks can automate the grading of retinal fundus images, but require labor-intensive annotations and are restricted to the specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Baladitya Yellapragada , Sascha Hornhauer , Kiersten Snyder , Stella Yu , Glenn Yiu

Reliably and physically accurately transferring information between images through deformable image registration with large anatomical differences is an open challenge in medical image analysis. Most existing methods have two key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Georgios Andreadis , Peter A. N. Bosman , Tanja Alderliesten

Despite significant progress in generative modelling, existing diffusion models often struggle to produce anatomically precise female pelvic images, limiting their application in gynaecological imaging, where data scarcity and patient…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-26 Johanna P. Müller , Anika Knupfer , Pedro Blöss , Edoardo Berardi Vittur , Bernhard Kainz , Jana Hutter

The analysis of fundus images is critical for the early detection and diagnosis of retinal diseases such as Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), Glaucoma, and Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Traditional diagnostic workflows, however, often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Faisal Ahmed

Brain tumor diagnosis is a challenging task for clinicians in the modern world. Among the major reasons for cancer-related death is the brain tumor. Gliomas, a category of central nervous system (CNS) tumors, encompass diverse subregions.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Kiranmayee Janardhan , Christy Bobby T

Large-scale public datasets with high-quality annotations are rarely available for intelligent medical imaging research, due to data privacy concerns and the cost of annotations. In this paper, we release SynFundus-1M, a high-quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Fangxin Shang , Jie Fu , Yehui Yang , Haifeng Huang , Junwei Liu , Lei Ma

Artificial intelligence (AI) is vital in ophthalmology, tackling tasks like diagnosis, classification, and visual question answering (VQA). However, existing AI models in this domain often require extensive annotation and are task-specific,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Danli Shi , Weiyi Zhang , Xiaolan Chen , Yexin Liu , Jiancheng Yang , Siyu Huang , Yih Chung Tham , Yingfeng Zheng , Mingguang He