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As Large Language Models (LLMs) of Prompt Jailbreaking are getting more and more attention, it is of great significance to raise a generalized research paradigm to evaluate attack strengths and a basic model to conduct subtler experiments.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Tianyu Zhang , Zixuan Zhao , Jiaqi Huang , Jingyu Hua , Sheng Zhong

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved impressive performance and have been put into practical use in commercial applications, but they still have potential safety mechanism vulnerabilities. Jailbreak attacks are red teaming…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Shiji Zhao , Ranjie Duan , Fengxiang Wang , Chi Chen , Caixin Kang , Shouwei Ruan , Jialing Tao , YueFeng Chen , Hui Xue , Xingxing Wei

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable success in various tasks, yet their safety and the risk of generating harmful content remain pressing concerns. In this paper, we delve into the potential of In-Context Learning (ICL) to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Zeming Wei , Yifei Wang , Ang Li , Yichuan Mo , Yisen Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for addressing a wide range of general inquiries and tasks. Despite this, fine-tuning aligned LLMs on smaller, domain-specific datasets, critical to adapting them to specialized…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Guanlin Li , Kangjie Chen , Shangwei Guo , Jie Zhang , Han Qiu , Chao Zhang , Guoyin Wang , Tianwei Zhang , Jiwei Li

We introduce new jailbreak attacks on vision language models (VLMs), which use aligned LLMs and are resilient to text-only jailbreak attacks. Specifically, we develop cross-modality attacks on alignment where we pair adversarial images…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Erfan Shayegani , Yue Dong , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

Current Large Language Models (LLMs), even those tuned for safety and alignment, are susceptible to jailbreaking. Some have found that just further fine-tuning an aligned model with benign data (i.e., data without harmful content)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Luxi He , Mengzhou Xia , Peter Henderson

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate strong general-purpose reasoning but remain limited in physics-grounded anomaly detection, where causal understanding of dynamics is essential. Existing VLMs, trained predominantly on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yao Gu , Xiaohao Xu , Yingna Wu

This work introduces SteerVLM, a lightweight steering module designed to guide Vision-Language Models (VLMs) towards outputs that better adhere to desired instructions. Our approach learns from the latent embeddings of paired prompts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Anushka Sivakumar , Andrew Zhang , Zaber Hakim , Chris Thomas

Jailbreak attacks pose a serious threat to the safety of Large Language Models (LLMs) by crafting adversarial prompts that bypass alignment mechanisms, causing the models to produce harmful, restricted, or biased content. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Xiangman Li , Xiaodong Wu , Qi Li , Jianbing Ni , Rongxing Lu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are increasingly used in clinical diagnostics, yet their robustness to adversarial attacks remains largely unexplored, posing serious risks. Existing medical attacks focus on secondary objectives such as model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Akash Ghosh , Subhadip Baidya , Sriparna Saha , Xiuying Chen

Source-Free Cross-Domain Few-Shot Learning (SF-CDFSL) focuses on fine-tuning with limited training data from target domains (e.g., medical or satellite images), where Vision-Language Models (VLMs) such as CLIP and SigLIP have shown…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zhenyu Zhang , Yixiong Zou , Yuhua Li , Ruixuan Li , Guangyao Chen

As diverse linguistic communities and users adopt large language models (LLMs), assessing their safety across languages becomes critical. Despite ongoing efforts to make LLMs safe, they can still be made to behave unsafely with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Fabio Pernisi , Dirk Hovy , Paul Röttger

Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success in understanding complex real-world scenarios and supporting data-driven decision-making processes. However, VLMs exhibit significant vulnerability against adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Xiaosen Wang , Shaokang Wang , Zhijin Ge , Yuyang Luo , Shudong Zhang

As large language models (LLMs) become integral to various applications, ensuring both their safety and utility is paramount. Jailbreak attacks, which manipulate LLMs into generating harmful content, pose significant challenges to this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Guobin Shen , Dongcheng Zhao , Yiting Dong , Xiang He , Yi Zeng

Safety concerns of Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have gradually become an important problem in various applications. Surprisingly, previous works indicate a counterintuitive phenomenon that using textual unlearning to align MLLMs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Xuhao Hu , Dongrui Liu , Hao Li , Xuanjing Huang , Jing Shao

Hallucinations in vision-language models (VLMs) hinder reliability and real-world applicability, usually stemming from distribution shifts between pretraining data and test samples. Existing solutions, such as retraining or fine-tuning on…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Fei Zhao , Chengcui Zhang , Runlin Zhang , Tianyang Wang , Xi Li

Vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly proposed for clinical decision support, yet their reliability in real-world scenarios that require integrating both visual and textual context from medical records remains poorly characterized.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 David Restrepo , Ira Ktena , Maria Vakalopoulou , Stergios Christodoulidis , Enzo Ferrante

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across multimodal tasks such as visual perception and reasoning, leading to good performance on various multimodal evaluation benchmarks. However, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yue Yang , Shuibai Zhang , Wenqi Shao , Kaipeng Zhang , Yi Bin , Yu Wang , Ping Luo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed artificial intelligence by advancing natural language understanding and generation, enabling applications across fields beyond healthcare, software engineering, and conversational systems.…

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into real-world applications such as code generation and chatbot assistance, extensive efforts have been made to align LLM behavior with human values, including safety.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Zhangchen Xu , Fengqing Jiang , Luyao Niu , Jinyuan Jia , Bill Yuchen Lin , Radha Poovendran
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