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Agent-based models (ABMs) stand as an essential paradigm for proposing and validating hypothetical solutions or policies aimed at addressing challenges posed by complex systems and achieving various objectives. This process demands…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Tong Niu , Weihao Zhang , Rong Zhao

Agentic systems are becoming more capable: agents define strategies, take actions, and interact with different environments. This autonomy poses serious challenges for overseeing and assessing agent behavior. Most current tools are limited,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Asaf Yehudai , Lilach Eden , Michal Shmueli-Scheuer

Automating real-world software engineering tasks remains challenging for large language model (LLM)-based agents due to the need for long-horizon reasoning over large, evolving codebases and making consistent decisions across interdependent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Mahir Labib Dihan , Md Ashrafur Rahman Khan

Software engineering (SWE) agents are transitioning from code generation to full software development lifecycle automation. A critical phase in this lifecycle is specification design: transforming initial proposals into carefully considered…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Grant Hamblin , Kevin Song , Zhanda Zhu , Anand Jayarajan , Sihang Liu , Nandita Vijaykumar , Gennady Pekhimenko

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities as AI agents. However, existing methods for enhancing LLM-agent abilities often lack a focus on data quality, leading to inefficiencies and suboptimal results in both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Yunxiao Zhang , Guanming Xiong , Haochen Li , Wen Zhao

Machine learning and Large language models (LLMs) for vulnerability detection has received significant attention in recent years. Unfortunately, state-of-the-art techniques show that LLMs are unsuccessful in even distinguishing the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Mohammed Sayagh , Mohammad Ghafari

Can large language model agents develop industry-level mobile applications? We introduce \textbf{SWE-Bench Mobile}, a benchmark for evaluating coding agents on realistic software engineering tasks derived from a production iOS codebase.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Muxin Tian , Zhe Wang , Blair Yang , Zhenwei Tang , Kunlun Zhu , Honghua Dong , Hanchen Li , Xinni Xie , Guangjing Wang , Jiaxuan You

The advancement of large language models (LLMs) and code agents has demonstrated significant potential to assist software engineering (SWE) tasks, such as autonomous issue resolution and feature addition. Existing AI for software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Zhiyu Fan , Kirill Vasilevski , Dayi Lin , Boyuan Chen , Yihao Chen , Zhiqing Zhong , Jie M. Zhang , Pinjia He , Ahmed E. Hassan

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed for complex, multi-step software engineering (SWE) tasks. However, their trajectories often contain costly inefficiencies, such as redundant exploration, looping, and failure to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Shubham Gandhi , Jason Tsay , Jatin Ganhotra , Kiran Kate , Yara Rizk

Effort estimation is a crucial activity in agile software development, where teams collaboratively review, discuss, and estimate the effort required to complete user stories in a product backlog. Current practices in agile effort estimation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Thanh-Long Bui , Hoa Khanh Dam , Rashina Hoda

Automated issue solving seeks to autonomously identify and repair defective code snippets across an entire codebase. SWE-Bench has emerged as the most widely adopted benchmark for evaluating progress in this area. While LLM-based agentic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Simiao Liu , Fang Liu , Liehao Li , Xin Tan , Yinghao Zhu , Xiaoli Lian , Li Zhang

Clarification-seeking behavior is widely regarded as a desirable property of LLM agents, enabling them to resolve ambiguity before acting on underspecified tasks. However, the security implications of this interaction pattern remain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Udari Madhushani Sehwag , Zhengyang Shan , Heming Liu , Dileepa Lakshan , Joseph Brandifino , Max Fenkell

As a part of an embodied agent, Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically used for behavior planning given natural language instructions from the user. However, dealing with ambiguous instructions in real-world environments remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Anastasiia Ivanova , Eva Bakaeva , Zoya Volovikova , Alexey K. Kovalev , Aleksandr I. Panov

Large language models (LLMs) and LLM-based Agents have been applied to fix bugs automatically, demonstrating the capability in addressing software defects by engaging in development environment interaction, iterative validation and code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xiangxin Meng , Zexiong Ma , Pengfei Gao , Chao Peng

Markets are a promising way to coordinate AI agent activity for similar reasons to those used to justify markets more broadly. In order to effectively participate in markets, agents need to have informative signals of their own ability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Andrey Fradkin , Rohit Krishnan

With the advancement of Agentic AI, researchers are increasingly leveraging autonomous agents to address challenges in software engineering (SE). However, the large language models (LLMs) that underpin these agents often function as black…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Jingyue Li , André Storhaug

In interactions between users and language model agents, user utterances frequently exhibit ellipsis (omission of words or phrases) or imprecision (lack of exactness) to prioritize efficiency. This can lead to varying interpretations of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Hyuhng Joon Kim , Youna Kim , Cheonbok Park , Junyeob Kim , Choonghyun Park , Kang Min Yoo , Sang-goo Lee , Taeuk Kim

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as simulated participants in social science experiments, but their behavior is often unstable and highly sensitive to design choices. Prior evaluations frequently conflate base-model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xuan Liu , Haoyang Shang , Zizhang Liu , Xinyan Liu , Yunze Xiao , Yiwen Tu , Haojian Jin

Behavioral studies of LLM-based software engineering agents extract operational rules about which trajectory shapes correlate with higher resolution rates: that a test step follows a code modification, that error cascades are short, or that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Wei Ma , Zhi Chen , Jingxu Gu , Tianling Li , Shangqing Liu , Lingxiao Jiang

AI agent development relies heavily on natural language prompting to define agents' tasks, knowledge, and goals. These prompts are interpreted by Large Language Models (LLMs), which govern agent behavior. Consequently, agentic performance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Roi Ben-Gigi , Yuval David , Fabiana Fournier , Lior Limonad , Dany Moshkovich , Hadar Mulian , Segev Shlomov