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Knowledge-based visual question answering (KVQA) has been extensively studied to answer visual questions with external knowledge, e.g., knowledge graphs (KGs). While several attempts have been proposed to leverage large language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Junnan Dong , Qinggang Zhang , Huachi Zhou , Daochen Zha , Pai Zheng , Xiao Huang

Previous solutions to knowledge-based visual question answering~(K-VQA) retrieve knowledge from external knowledge bases and use supervised learning to train the K-VQA model. Recently pre-trained LLMs have been used as both a knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Rui Cao , Jing Jiang

Knowledge Base, represents facts about the world, often in some form of subsumption ontology, rather than implicitly, embedded in procedural code, the way a conventional computer program does. While there is a rapid growth in knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Sai Sharath Japa , Rekabdar Banafsheh

A fundamental ability of humans is to utilize commonsense knowledge in language understanding and question answering. In recent years, many knowledge-enhanced Commonsense Question Answering (CQA) approaches have been proposed. However, it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Ning Bian , Xianpei Han , Bo Chen , Le Sun

Answering logical queries on knowledge graphs (KG) poses a significant challenge for machine reasoning. The primary obstacle in this task stems from the inherent incompleteness of KGs. Existing research has predominantly focused on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Zezhong Xu , Peng Ye , Lei Liang , Huajun Chen , Wen Zhang

Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) has become a prominent area in natural language processing due to the emergence of large-scale Knowledge Graphs (KGs). Recently Neural Machine Translation based approaches are gaining momentum that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Sukannya Purkayastha , Saswati Dana , Dinesh Garg , Dinesh Khandelwal , G P Shrivatsa Bhargav

Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA) aims to answer natural language questions with a large-scale structured knowledge base (KB). Despite advancements with large language models (LLMs), KBQA still faces challenges in weak KB awareness,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Haoran Luo , Haihong E , Yikai Guo , Qika Lin , Xiaobao Wu , Xinyu Mu , Wenhao Liu , Meina Song , Yifan Zhu , Luu Anh Tuan

Question answering (QA) aims to understand questions and find appropriate answers. In real-world QA systems, Frequently Asked Question (FAQ) based QA is usually a practical and effective solution, especially for some complicated questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Ruobing Xie , Yanan Lu , Fen Lin , Leyu Lin

Data-driven systems need to be evaluated to establish trust in the scientific approach and its applicability. In particular, this is true for Knowledge Graph (KG) Question Answering (QA), where complex data structures are made accessible…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Aleksandr Perevalov , Xi Yan , Liubov Kovriguina , Longquan Jiang , Andreas Both , Ricardo Usbeck

Answering complex questions about textual narratives requires reasoning over both stated context and the world knowledge that underlies it. However, pretrained language models (LM), the foundation of most modern QA systems, do not robustly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Xikun Zhang , Antoine Bosselut , Michihiro Yasunaga , Hongyu Ren , Percy Liang , Christopher D. Manning , Jure Leskovec

Knowledge-based visual question answering (KB-VQA) requires a model to understand images and utilize external knowledge to provide accurate answers. Existing approaches often directly augment models with retrieved information from knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Zhiyue Liu , Sihang Liu , Jinyuan Liu , Xinru Zhang

Knowledge-based visual question answering (KB-VQA) requires vision-language models to understand images and use external knowledge, especially for rare entities and long-tail facts. Most existing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Zhuohong Chen , Zhenxian Wu , Yunyao Yu , Hangrui Xu , Zirui Liao , Zhifang Liu , Xiangwen Deng , Pen Jiao , Haoqian Wang

Existing approaches on Question Answering over Knowledge Graphs (KGQA) have weak generalizability. That is often due to the standard i.i.d. assumption on the underlying dataset. Recently, three levels of generalization for KGQA were…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Longquan Jiang , Ricardo Usbeck

Multi-hop Knowledge Base Question Answering(KBQA) aims to find the answer entity in a knowledge base which is several hops from the topic entity mentioned in the question. Existing Retrieval-based approaches first generate instructions from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Haowei Du , Quzhe Huang , Chen Zhang , Dongyan Zhao

Retrieval of information from graph-structured knowledge bases represents a promising direction for improving the factuality of LLMs. While various solutions have been proposed, a comparison of methods is difficult due to the lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Alberto Cattaneo , Carlo Luschi , Daniel Justus

While question answering over knowledge bases (KBQA) has shown progress in addressing factoid questions, KBQA with numerical reasoning remains relatively unexplored. In this paper, we focus on the complex numerical reasoning in KBQA and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Xiang Huang , Sitao Cheng , Yuheng Bao , Shanshan Huang , Yuzhong Qu

As question answering (QA) systems advance alongside the rapid evolution of foundation models, the need for robust, adaptable, and large-scale evaluation benchmarks becomes increasingly critical. Traditional QA benchmarks are often static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Preetam Prabhu Srikar Dammu , Himanshu Naidu , Chirag Shah

The generation of questions and answers (QA) from knowledge graphs (KG) plays a crucial role in the development and testing of educational platforms, dissemination tools, and large language models (LLM). However, existing approaches often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Sania Nayab , Marco Simoni , Giulio Rossolini , Andrea Saracino

Multi-hop Question Answering over Knowledge Graph~(KGQA) aims to find the answer entities that are multiple hops away from the topic entities mentioned in a natural language question on a large-scale Knowledge Graph (KG). To cope with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Jinhao Jiang , Kun Zhou , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Recent advances have enabled the extraction of vectorized features from digital historical maps. To fully leverage this information, however, the extracted features must be organized in a structured and meaningful way that supports…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Ziyi Liu , Sidi Wu , Lorenz Hurni