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We prove that it is NP-hard to properly PAC learn decision trees with queries, resolving a longstanding open problem in learning theory (Bshouty 1993; Guijarro-Lavin-Raghavan 1999; Mehta-Raghavan 2002; Feldman 2016). While there has been a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Caleb Koch , Carmen Strassle , Li-Yang Tan

We revisit the elegant observation of T. Cover '65 which, perhaps, is not as well-known to the broader community as it should be. The first goal of the tutorial is to explain---through the prism of this elementary result---how to solve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-09-01 Alexander Rakhlin , Karthik Sridharan

Deep learning has emerged as a compelling solution to many NLP tasks with remarkable performances. However, due to their opacity, such models are hard to interpret and trust. Recent work on explaining deep models has introduced approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Reza Ghaeini , Xiaoli Z. Fern , Hamed Shahbazi , Prasad Tadepalli

Bayesian Networks (BNs) are useful tools giving a natural and compact representation of joint probability distributions. In many applications one needs to learn a Bayesian Network (BN) from data. In this context, it is important to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-02 Or Zuk , Shiri Margel , Eytan Domany

A Bayesian network is a widely used probabilistic graphical model with applications in knowledge discovery and prediction. Learning a Bayesian network (BN) from data can be cast as an optimization problem using the well-known…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Zhenyu A. Liao , Charupriya Sharma , James Cussens , Peter van Beek

This work examines a social learning problem, where dispersed agents connected through a network topology interact locally to form their opinions (beliefs) as regards certain hypotheses of interest. These opinions evolve over time, since…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-26 Michele Cirillo , Virginia Bordignon , Vincenzo Matta , Ali H. Sayed

Structure learning of Bayesian networks is an important problem that arises in numerous machine learning applications. In this work, we present a novel approach for learning the structure of Bayesian networks using the solution of an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-11-22 Tuhin Sahai , Stefan Klus , Michael Dellnitz

Studies of networked phenomena, such as interactions in online social media, often rely on incomplete data, either because these phenomena are partially observed, or because the data is too large or expensive to acquire all at once.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Timothy LaRock , Timothy Sakharov , Sahely Bhadra , Tina Eliassi-Rad

When individuals in a social network learn about an unknown state from private signals and neighbors' actions, the network structure often causes information loss. We consider rational agents and Gaussian signals in the canonical sequential…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-02-20 Krishna Dasaratha , Kevin He

We study truthful mechanisms for matching and related problems in a partial information setting, where the agents' true utilities are hidden, and the algorithm only has access to ordinal preference information. Our model is motivated by the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-10-20 Elliot Anshelevich , Shreyas Sekar

For certain infinitely-wide neural networks, the neural tangent kernel (NTK) theory fully characterizes generalization, but for the networks used in practice, the empirical NTK only provides a rough first-order approximation. Still, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Guillermo Ortiz-Jiménez , Seyed-Mohsen Moosavi-Dezfooli , Pascal Frossard

Bayes nets are extensively used in practice to efficiently represent joint probability distributions over a set of random variables and capture dependency relations. In a seminal paper, Chickering et al. (JMLR 2004) showed that given a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Arnab Bhattacharyya , Davin Choo , Sutanu Gayen , Dimitrios Myrisiotis

We consider a group of Bayesian agents who try to estimate a state of the world $\theta$ through interaction on a social network. Each agent $v$ initially receives a private measurement of $\theta$: a number $S_v$ picked from a Gaussian…

Applications · Statistics 2018-04-24 Elchanan Mossel , Noah Olsman , Omer Tamuz

We consider the problem of distributed hypothesis testing (or social learning) where a network of agents seeks to identify the true state of the world from a finite set of hypotheses, based on a series of stochastic signals that each agent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-04-06 Shreyas Sundaram , Aritra Mitra

Neural networks are nowadays highly successful despite strong hardness results. The existing hardness results focus on the network architecture, and assume that the network's weights are arbitrary. A natural approach to settle the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Amit Daniely , Gal Vardi

We study the computational complexity of (deterministic or randomized) algorithms based on point samples for approximating or integrating functions that can be well approximated by neural networks. Such algorithms (most prominently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Philipp Grohs , Felix Voigtlaender

Understanding how reliable information emerges in interconnected populations is a challenge in social science, network theory and data analysis. Many existing approaches model treat truth as an external reference or a property of individual…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-01 Arturo Tozzi

We study a setting where a group of agents, each receiving partially informative private signals, seek to collaboratively learn the true underlying state of the world (from a finite set of hypotheses) that generates their joint observation…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-09 Aritra Mitra , John A. Richards , Shreyas Sundaram

As one of the classic models that describe the belief dynamics over social networks, a non-Bayesian social learning model assumes that members in the network possess accurate signal knowledge through the process of Bayesian inference. In…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Sannyuya Liu , Zhonghua Yan , Xiufeng Cheng , Liang Zhao

We consider a network of agents that aim to learn some unknown state of the world using private observations and exchange of beliefs. At each time, agents observe private signals generated based on the true unknown state. Each agent might…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-09-16 Mohammad Amin Rahimian , Shahin Shahrampour , Ali Jadbabaie