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Language model pre-training has shown promising results in various downstream tasks. In this context, we introduce a cross-modal pre-trained language model, called Speech-Text BERT (ST-BERT), to tackle end-to-end spoken language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Minjeong Kim , Gyuwan Kim , Sang-Woo Lee , Jung-Woo Ha

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) provides the standard approach for teaching LLMs new behaviors from offline expert demonstrations. However, standard SFT uniformly fits all samples -- including those with low likelihood under the base model --…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Mahdi Sabbaghi , George Pappas , Adel Javanmard , Hamed Hassani

Prompt-based methods have achieved promising results in most few-shot text classification tasks. However, for readability assessment tasks, traditional prompt methods lackcrucial linguistic knowledge, which has already been proven to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Ziyang Wang , Sanwoo Lee , Hsiu-Yuan Huang , Yunfang Wu

Transfer learning has proven to be crucial in advancing the state of speech and natural language processing research in recent years. In speech, a model pre-trained by self-supervised learning transfers remarkably well on multiple tasks.…

With excellent generalization ability, SSL speech models have shown impressive performance on various downstream tasks in the pre-training and fine-tuning paradigm. However, as the size of pre-trained models grows, fine-tuning becomes…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-29 Mufan Sang , John H. L. Hansen

Self-supervised pre-training of large-scale transformer models on text corpora followed by finetuning has achieved state-of-the-art on a number of natural language processing tasks. Recently, Lu et al. (2021, arXiv:2103.05247) claimed that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Danielle Rothermel , Margaret Li , Tim Rocktäschel , Jakob Foerster

This paper presents a study on strategies to enhance the translation capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in the context of machine translation (MT) tasks. The paper proposes a novel paradigm consisting of three stages: Secondary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jiaxin Guo , Hao Yang , Zongyao Li , Daimeng Wei , Hengchao Shang , Xiaoyu Chen

Self-supervised speech pre-training empowers the model with the contextual structure inherent in the speech signal while self-supervised text pre-training empowers the model with linguistic information. Both of them are beneficial for…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Zhuoyuan Yao , Shuo Ren , Sanyuan Chen , Ziyang Ma , Pengcheng Guo , Lei Xie

Existing fine-tuning methods either tune all parameters of the pre-trained model (full fine-tuning), which is not efficient, or only tune the last linear layer (linear probing), which suffers a significant accuracy drop compared to the full…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Dongze Lian , Daquan Zhou , Jiashi Feng , Xinchao Wang

Soft Prompt Tuning (SPT) is a parameter-efficient method for adapting pre-trained language models (PLMs) to specific tasks by inserting learnable embeddings, or soft prompts, at the input layer of the PLM, without modifying its parameters.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Fred Philippy , Siwen Guo , Shohreh Haddadan , Cedric Lothritz , Jacques Klein , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

This paper introduces a novel Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) framework for multi-modal, multi-task transfer learning with pre-trained language models. PEFT techniques such as LoRA, BitFit and IA3 have demonstrated comparable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Avelina Asada Hadji-Kyriacou , Ognjen Arandjelovic

Speech models have long been known to overfit individual speakers for many classification tasks. This leads to poor generalization in settings where the speakers are out-of-domain or out-of-distribution, as is common in production…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Maximillian Chen , Zhou Yu

In recent years, continual learning with pre-training (CLPT) has received widespread interest, instead of its traditional focus of training from scratch. The use of strong pre-trained models (PTMs) can greatly facilitate knowledge transfer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Gengwei Zhang , Liyuan Wang , Guoliang Kang , Ling Chen , Yunchao Wei

Recent advancements in joint speech-text models show great potential for seamless voice interactions. However, existing models face critical challenges: temporal resolution mismatch between speech tokens (25Hz) and text tokens (~3Hz)…

Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is widely used for task-specific adaptation, yet recent work shows it systematically undermines reasoning generalization. We argue the root cause is not memorization itself, but its target: vanilla SFT drives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ruiying Peng , Mengyu Yang , Jing Lei , Xiaohui Li , Xueyu Wu , Xinlei Chen

Large language models are typically post-trained using supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning (RL), yet effectively unifying efficient knowledge injection with robust generalization remains challenging. In this work, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Wangjie Gan , Miao Pan , Linbo Xi , Wenqi Zhang , Jintao Chen , Jianwei Yin , Xuhong Zhang

Compared to Full-Model Fine-Tuning (FMFT), Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) has demonstrated superior performance and lower computational overhead in several code understanding tasks, such as code summarization and code search. This…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Shuo Liu , Jacky Keung , Zhen Yang , Fang Liu , Qilin Zhou , Yihan Liao

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is crucial for adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to specific tasks. In this work, we demonstrate that the order of training data can lead to significant training imbalances, potentially resulting in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yiming Ju , Ziyi Ni , Xingrun Xing , Zhixiong Zeng , hanyu Zhao , Siqi Fan , Zheng Zhang

As the landscape of large language models expands, efficiently finetuning for specific tasks becomes increasingly crucial. At the same time, the landscape of parameter-efficient finetuning methods rapidly expands. Consequently,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Tobias Strangmann , Lennart Purucker , Jörg K. H. Franke , Ivo Rapant , Fabio Ferreira , Frank Hutter

Fine-tuning pre-trained transformers is a powerful technique for enhancing the performance of base models on specific tasks. From early applications in models like BERT to fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs), this approach has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Suneel Nadipalli
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