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This paper presents a new approach to identifying and eliminating mislabeled training instances for supervised learning. The goal of this approach is to improve classification accuracies produced by learning algorithms by improving the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-02 C. E. Brodley , M. A. Friedl

The rawly collected training data often comes with separate noisy labels collected from multiple imperfect annotators (e.g., via crowdsourcing). A typical way of using these separate labels is to first aggregate them into one and apply…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Jiaheng Wei , Zhaowei Zhu , Tianyi Luo , Ehsan Amid , Abhishek Kumar , Yang Liu

Human Label Variation (HLV), i.e. systematic differences among annotators' judgments, remains underexplored in benchmarks despite rapid progress in large language model (LLM) development. We address this gap by introducing an evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Tomas Ruiz , Tanalp Agustoslu , Carsten Schwemmer

Crowdsourcing has become an effective and popular tool for human-powered computation to label large datasets. Since the workers can be unreliable, it is common in crowdsourcing to assign multiple workers to one task, and to aggregate the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-18 Hongwei Li , Bin Yu

Labeling real-world datasets is time consuming but indispensable for supervised machine learning models. A common solution is to distribute the labeling task across a large number of non-expert workers via crowd-sourcing. Due to the varying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Taraneh Younesian , Chi Hong , Amirmasoud Ghiassi , Robert Birke , Lydia Y. Chen

High-quality data is necessary for modern machine learning. However, the acquisition of such data is difficult due to noisy and ambiguous annotations of humans. The aggregation of such annotations to determine the label of an image leads to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Lars Schmarje , Vasco Grossmann , Claudius Zelenka , Sabine Dippel , Rainer Kiko , Mariusz Oszust , Matti Pastell , Jenny Stracke , Anna Valros , Nina Volkmann , Reinhard Koch

With the increased interest in machine learning and big data problems, the need for large amounts of labelled data has also grown. However, it is often infeasible to get experts to label all of this data, which leads many practitioners to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Pierce Burke , Richard Klein

In recent years, multi-label classification problem has become a controversial issue. In this kind of classification, each sample is associated with a set of class labels. Ensemble approaches are supervised learning algorithms in which an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-09 Amirreza Mahdavi-Shahri , Mahboobeh Houshmand , Mahdi Yaghoobi , Mehrdad Jalali

How should one combine noisy information from diverse sources to make an inference about an objective ground truth? This frequently recurring, normative question lies at the core of statistics, machine learning, policy-making, and everyday…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Silviu Pitis , Michael R. Zhang

We propose a meta-learning method for learning from multiple noisy annotators. In many applications such as crowdsourcing services, labels for supervised learning are given by multiple annotators. Since the annotators have different skills…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Atsutoshi Kumagai , Tomoharu Iwata , Taishi Nishiyama , Yasutoshi Ida , Yasuhiro Fujiwara

In multiclass classification, the goal is to learn how to predict a random label $Y$, valued in $\mathcal{Y}=\{1,\; \ldots,\; K \}$ with $K\geq 3$, based upon observing a r.v. $X$, taking its values in $\mathbb{R}^q$ with $q\geq 1$ say, by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-24 Stephan Clémençon , Robin Vogel

Partial multi-label learning and complementary multi-label learning are two popular weakly supervised multi-label classification paradigms that aim to alleviate the high annotation costs of collecting precisely annotated multi-label data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Wei Wang , Tianhao Ma , Ming-Kun Xie , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Many computer scientists use the aggregated answers of online workers to represent ground truth. Prior work has shown that aggregation methods such as majority voting are effective for measuring relatively objective features. For subjective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Jiele Wu , Chau-Wai Wong , Xinyan Zhao , Xianpeng Liu

Crowdsourcing has become very popular among the machine learning community as a way to obtain labels that allow a ground truth to be estimated for a given dataset. In most of the approaches that use crowdsourced labels, annotators are asked…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-09 Iker Beñaran-Muñoz , Jerónimo Hernández-González , Aritz Pérez

Annotated images are required for both supervised model training and evaluation in image classification. Manually annotating images is arduous and expensive, especially for multi-labeled images. A recent trend for conducting such laboursome…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Jianzhe Lin , Tianze Yu , Z. Jane Wang

Crowdsourcing systems have been used to accumulate massive amounts of labeled data for applications such as computer vision and natural language processing. However, because crowdsourced labeling is inherently dynamic and uncertain,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Mohammad S. Majdi , Jeffrey J. Rodriguez

Training with noisy class labels impairs neural networks' generalization performance. In this context, mixup is a popular regularization technique to improve training robustness by making memorizing false class labels more difficult.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Marek Herde , Lukas Lührs , Denis Huseljic , Bernhard Sick

The reliability of supervised machine learning systems depends on the accuracy and availability of ground truth labels. However, the process of human annotation, being prone to error, introduces the potential for noisy labels, which can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 David Tschirschwitz , Christian Benz , Morris Florek , Henrik Norderhus , Benno Stein , Volker Rodehorst

In recent years, data selection has emerged as a core issue for large-scale visual-language model pretraining, especially on noisy web-curated datasets. One widely adopted strategy assigns quality scores such as CLIP similarity for each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Yiping Wang , Yifang Chen , Wendan Yan , Kevin Jamieson , Simon Shaolei Du

Human Label Variation (HLV) refers to legitimate disagreement in annotation that reflects the diversity of human perspectives rather than mere error. Long treated in NLP as noise to be eliminated, HLV has only recently been reframed as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Shanshan Xu , Santosh T. Y. S. S , Barbara Plank