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Modern NLP models are often trained on public datasets drawn from diverse sources, rendering them vulnerable to data poisoning attacks. These attacks can manipulate the model's behavior in ways engineered by the attacker. One such tactic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Xuanli He , Qiongkai Xu , Jun Wang , Benjamin I. P. Rubinstein , Trevor Cohn

The rapid deployment of large language model (LLM)-based agents in real-world applications has raised serious concerns about their trustworthiness. In this work, we reveal the security and robustness vulnerabilities of these agents through…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Jiyang Qiu , Xinbei Ma , Yunqing Xu , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao

Backdoor attack is a new AI security risk that has emerged in recent years. Drawing on the previous research of adversarial attack, we argue that the backdoor attack has the potential to tap into the model learning process and improve model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Shangxi Wu , Qiuyang He , Yi Zhang , Jitao Sang

AI agents, powered by large language models (LLMs), have transformed human-computer interactions by enabling seamless, natural, and context-aware communication. While these advancements offer immense utility, they also inherit and amplify…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Xuying Li , Zhuo Li , Yuji Kosuga , Yasuhiro Yoshida , Victor Bian

Backdoor attacks compromise the integrity and reliability of machine learning models by embedding a hidden trigger during the training process, which can later be activated to cause unintended misbehavior. We propose a novel backdoor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Felix Hsieh , Huy H. Nguyen , AprilPyone MaungMaung , Dmitrii Usynin , Isao Echizen

As AI agents powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly versatile and capable of addressing a broad spectrum of tasks, ensuring their security has become a critical challenge. Among the most pressing threats are prompt…

We introduce a new attack against face verification systems based on Deep Neural Networks (DNN). The attack relies on the introduction into the network of a hidden backdoor, whose activation at test time induces a verification error…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Wei Guo , Benedetta Tondi , Mauro Barni

Cybersecurity threats continue to increase, with a growing number of previously unknown attacks each year targeting both large corporations and smaller entities. This scenario demands the implementation of advanced security measures, not…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Javier Jiménez-Román , Florina Almenares-Mendoza , Alfonso Sánchez-Macián

Large language model (LLM)-powered agents are increasingly used in recommender systems (RSs) to achieve personalized behavior modeling, where the memory mechanism plays a pivotal role in enabling the agents to autonomously explore, learn…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Shiyi Yang , Zhibo Hu , Xinshu Li , Chen Wang , Tong Yu , Xiwei Xu , Liming Zhu , Lina Yao

Generative large language models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art results on a wide range of tasks, yet they remain susceptible to backdoor attacks: carefully crafted triggers in the input can manipulate the model to produce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yige Li , Hanxun Huang , Yunhan Zhao , Xingjun Ma , Jun Sun

Dynamic link prediction (DLP) makes graph prediction based on historical information. Since most DLP methods are highly dependent on the training data to achieve satisfying prediction performance, the quality of the training data is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Jinyin Chen , Haiyang Xiong , Haibin Zheng , Jian Zhang , Guodong Jiang , Yi Liu

This paper studies the integration off Large Language Models into cybersecurity tools and protocols. The main issue discussed in this paper is how traditional rule-based and signature based security systems are not enough to deal with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Raunak Somani , Aswani Kumar Cherukuri

Recently, backdoor attack has become an increasing security threat to deep neural networks and drawn the attention of researchers. Backdoor attacks exploit vulnerabilities in third-party pretrained models during the training phase, enabling…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Lu Pang , Tao Sun , Weimin Lyu , Haibin Ling , Chao Chen

Recent research shows deep neural networks are vulnerable to different types of attacks, such as adversarial attack, data poisoning attack and backdoor attack. Among them, backdoor attack is the most cunning one and can occur in almost…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Jie Zhang , Dongdong Chen , Qidong Huang , Jing Liao , Weiming Zhang , Huamin Feng , Gang Hua , Nenghai Yu

Penetration testing and vulnerability assessment are essential industry practices for safeguarding computer systems. As cyber threats grow in scale and complexity, the demand for pentesting has surged, surpassing the capacity of human…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Yasod Ginige , Akila Niroshan , Sajal Jain , Suranga Seneviratne

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into robotic control pipelines enables natural language interfaces that translate user prompts into executable commands. However, this digital-to-physical interface introduces a critical and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Mingyang Xie , Jin Wei-Kocsis

For nearly a decade the academic community has investigated backdoors in neural networks, primarily focusing on classification tasks where adversaries manipulate the model prediction. While demonstrably malicious, the immediate real-world…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Nicolas Küchler , Ivan Petrov , Conrad Grobler , Ilia Shumailov

The rise of large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems (MAS) introduces new security and reliability challenges. While these systems show great promise in decomposing and coordinating complex tasks, they also face multi-faceted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Xu He , Di Wu , Yan Zhai , Kun Sun

Modern autonomous vehicles adopt state-of-the-art DNN models to interpret the sensor data and perceive the environment. However, DNN models are vulnerable to different types of adversarial attacks, which pose significant risks to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Xingshuo Han , Guowen Xu , Yuan Zhou , Xuehuan Yang , Jiwei Li , Tianwei Zhang

Backdoor attacks embed hidden functionalities in deep neural networks (DNN), triggering malicious behavior with specific inputs. Advanced defenses monitor anomalous DNN inferences to detect such attacks. However, concealed backdoors evade…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Manaar Alam , Hithem Lamri , Michail Maniatakos