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Quasi-Periodic Eruptions (QPEs) are recurring bursts of soft X-ray emission from supermassive black holes (SMBHs), which a growing class of models explains via extreme mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs). QPEs exhibit blackbody-like emission with…

The sporadic accretion following the tidal disruption of a star by a super-massive black hole (TDE) leads to a bright UV and soft X-ray flare in the galactic nucleus. The gas and dust surrounding the black hole responses to such a flare…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-12-02 Liming Dou , Ting-gui Wang , Ning Jiang , Chenwei Yang , Jianwei Lyu , Hongyan Zhou

After six years of studies following the discovery of GSN069, a link is starting to appear between the elusive Quasi-Periodic Eruptions (QPEs) and other types of nuclear transients, among which are Tidal Disruption Events (TDEs). As such,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-01 E. Quintin , N. Khan , N. A. Webb , R. Webbe , R. D. Saxton , G. Miniutti , M. Giustini

A popular class of models for interpreting quasi-periodic X-ray eruptions from galactic nuclei (QPEs) invoke collisions between an object on an extreme mass ratio inspiral (EMRI) and an accretion disk around a supermassive black hole. There…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-01 Andrew Mummery

Recently, three optical tidal disruption event (TDE) candidates discovered by the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) have been suggested to be coincident with high-energy neutrinos. They all exhibit unusually strong dust infrared (IR) echoes,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-22 Ning Jiang , Ziying Zhou , Jiazheng Zhu , Yibo Wang , Tinggui Wang

Quasi-periodic eruption (QPE) sources in galactic nuclei are often associated with a stellar object orbiting a supermassive black hole with hours-days period, brought in as an extreme mass-ratio inspiral (EMRI). In the presence of an…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-30 Itai Linial , Brian D. Metzger , Eliot Quataert

Quasi-Periodic Eruptions (QPEs) are recurrent X-ray eruptions discovered so far in the nuclei of low-mass galaxies. However, despite considerable observational progress, the origin of QPEs remains unclear. A variety of models have been…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-25 Wen-Long Xu , Hui-Hui Wang , Yi-Gu Chen , Yu-Zhe Li , Wei-Hua Lei

Context: Observations of transient emission from extreme accretion events onto supermassive black holes can reveal conditions in the center of galaxies and the black hole itself. Most recently, they have been suggested to be emitters of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-03-26 Jannis Necker , Eleni Graikou , Marek Kowalski , Anna Franckowiak , Jakob Nordin , Teresa Pernice , Sjoert van Velzen , Patrik M. Veres

X-ray quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are a novel mode of variability in nearby galactic nuclei whose origin remains unknown. Their multi-wavelength properties are poorly constrained, as studies have focused almost entirely on the X-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-24 Thomas Wevers , Muryel Guolo , Sean Lockwood , Andrew Mummery , Dheeraj R. Pasham , Riccardo Arcodia

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) occur when a star is destroyed by a supermassive black hole at the center of a galaxy, temporarily increasing the accretion rate onto the black hole and producing a bright flare across the electromagnetic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-02-23 A. J. Goodwin , S. van Velzen , J. C. A. Miller-Jones , A. Mummery , M. F. Bietenholz , A. Wederfoort , E. Hammerstein , C. Bonnerot , J. Hoffmann , L. Yan

Recent observations have confirmed the direct association between tidal disruption events (TDEs) and quasiperiodic eruptions (QPEs). In addition, TDE hosts and QPE hosts are statistically found to be similar in their morphological…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-16 Ning Jiang , Zhen Pan

Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are intense repeating soft X-ray bursts with recurrence times about a few hours to a few weeks from galactic nuclei. More and more analyses show that (at least a fraction of) QPEs are the result of collisions…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-31 Cong Zhou , Zhen Pan , Ning Jiang , Wen Zhao

Alongside the recent increase in discoveries of tidal disruption events (TDEs) have come an increasing number of ambiguous nuclear transients (ANTs). These ANTs are characterized by hot blackbody-like UV/optical spectral energy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-08-27 Jason T. Hinkle

In the last few years, a mysterious new class of astrophysical objects has been uncovered. These are spatially coincident with the nuclei of external galaxies and show X-ray variations that repeat on timescales of minutes to a month. They…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-11-08 Petra Suková , Francesco Tombesi , Dheeraj R. Pasham , Michal Zajaček , Thomas Wevers , Taeho Ryu , Itai Linial , Alessia Franchini

We report unnoticed but intriguing features in the peculiar nuclear transient AT 2022fpx, and investigate its type. These features include the constantly red optical color of $g-r>0$, a stable soft X-ray flare ($kT\sim100$ eV) in the past…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-09 Zheyu Lin , Ning Jiang , Yibo Wang , Xu Kong , Shifeng Huang , Zesen Lin , Chen Qin , Tianyu Xia

I consider quasi--periodic eruptions (QPEs) from galaxy nuclei. All the known cases fit naturally into a picture of accretion from white dwarfs (WDs) in highly eccentric orbits about the central black holes which decay through gravitational…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-07-01 Andrew King

X-ray quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are discovered recently in active galaxies with unknown driven mechanism. Under the assumption that QPEs are caused by star-disc collisions, we adopt full relativistic method and show that both the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-11-25 Jingtao Xian , Fupeng Zhang , Liming Dou , Jiasheng He , Xinwen Shu

Mid-infrared (MIR) emission from tidal disruption events (TDEs) is a powerful probe of the circumnuclear environment around dormant supermassive black holes. This emission arises from the reprocessing of intrinsic emission into thermal MIR…

Quasi-Periodic Erupters (QPEs) are a remarkable class of objects exhibiting very large amplitude quasi-periodic X-ray flares. Although numerous dynamical models have been proposed to explain them, relatively little attention has been given…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-21 Julian H. Krolik , Itai Linial