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We combine new analysis of the stochastic gravitational wave background to be expected from cosmic strings with the latest pulsar timing array (PTA) limits to give an upper bound on the energy scale of the possible cosmic string network,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-21 Jose J. Blanco-Pillado , Ken D. Olum , Xavier Siemens

We propose a scenario of primordial gravitational atoms (PGAs), which may exist in the current and past universe due to spinning primordial black holes (PBHs) and very light bosonic fields. In a monochromatic mass scenario with a sizable…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-05-30 Zhaofeng Kang , Tianjun Li , Weitao Ye

The detection of parity violation in the isotropic stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) will serve a crucial probe for new physics, particularly in parity-violating theories of gravity. The joint observations by the planned…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-28 Ju Chen , Chang Liu , Yun-Long Zhang , Gang Wang

Parity violation is a powerful observable to distinguish a cosmological background of Gravitational Waves (GWs) from an astrophysical one. Planar single GW interferometers, both on ground and in space, are unable to measure the net circular…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-02 Giorgio Orlando , Mauro Pieroni , Angelo Ricciardone

Convincing evidence of a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background has been found by the NANOGrav Collaboration in the 15-year data set. From this signal, we can evaluate the possibility of its source being from the early Universe…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-30 Chris Choi , Jacob Magallanes , Murman Gurgenidze , Tina Kahniashvili

We study a new source of stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) from the final collapse of a network of topological defects. Typically, the final collapse is considered negligible for generating gravitational waves (GWs) due to its…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-28 Shuailiang Ge

Recent observations by pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) such as NANOGrav, EPTA, PPTA, and CPTA suggest the presence of nanohertz stochastic gravitational wave background (GWB). While such signals could be explained by gravitational waves from a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-31 Yifan Hu , Kohei Kamada

Stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds (SGWBs) of primordial origin offer a powerful probe of early-Universe physics and possible dark-sector dynamics. While most searches focus on the GW power spectrum, additional information is encoded…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-18 Martina Ciprini , Maria Lucia Marcelli , Gianmassimo Tasinato

The anisotropies of the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background (SGWB) produced by merging compact binaries constitute a possible new probe of the Large-Scale Structure (LSS). However, the significant shot noise contribution caused by the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-07 Giulia Capurri , Andrea Lapi , Carlo Baccigalupi

Although the expansion of the Universe explicitly breaks the time-translation symmetry, cosmological predictions for the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) are usually derived under the so-called stationary hypothesis. By…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-26 Disrael Camargo Neves da Cunha , Christophe Ringeval

We show that the stochastic background of gravitational waves, produced in the early cosmological epochs, strictly depends on the assumed theory of gravity. In particular, the specific form of the function f(R), where R is the Ricci scalar,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-02-19 L. Izzo , S. Capozziello , M. De Laurentis

The cosmic string is a useful probe of the early Universe and may give us a clue to physics at high energy scales where any artificial particle accelerators cannot reach. Although one of the most promising tools is the cosmic microwave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Kohei Kamada , Yuhei Miyamoto , Jun'ichi Yokoyama

We consider an alternative approach for the computation of the stochastic gravitational wave background generated by small loops produced throughout the cosmological evolution of cosmic string networks and use it to derive an analytical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-05 L. Sousa , P. P. Avelino

We discuss data analysis techniques that can be used in the search for gravitational wave bursts from cosmic strings. When data from multiple interferometers are available, we describe consistency checks that can be used to greatly reduce…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Xavier Siemens , Jolien Creighton , Irit Maor , Saikat Ray Majumder , Kipp Cannon , Jocelyn Read

The random superposition of many weak sources will produce a stochastic background of gravitational waves that may dominate the response of the LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) gravitational wave observatory. Unless something can…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Neil J. Cornish

The computational cost of searching for gravitational wave (GW) signals in low latency has always been a matter of concern. We present a self-supervised learning model applicable to the GW detection. Based on simulated massive black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-08 Hao-Yang Liu , Yu-Tong Wang

Gravitational waves (GW) can constitute a unique probe of the primordial universe. In many cases, the characteristic frequency of the emitted GW is directly related to the energy scale at which the GW source is operating in the early…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-11 Chiara Caprini

Models of string cosmology predict a stochastic background of gravitational waves with a spectrum that is strongly tilted towards high frequencies. I give simple approximate expressions for spectral densities of the cosmic background which…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-02-03 Ram Brustein

The space-based laser interferometers, LISA, Taiji and TianQin, are targeting to observe milliHz gravitational waves (GWs) in the 2030s. The joint observations from multiple space-based detectors yield significant advantages. In this work,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-07 Rong-Gen Cai , Zong-Kuan Guo , Bin Hu , Chang Liu , Youjun Lu , Wei-Tou Ni , Wen-Hong Ruan , Naoki Seto , Gang Wang , Yue-Liang Wu

Gravitational waves (GWs) originating from cosmological sources offer direct insights into the physics of the primordial Universe, the fundamental nature of gravity, and the cosmic expansion of the Universe. In this review paper, we present…

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