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Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) demand considerable computations for inference due to the extensive parameters and the additional input tokens needed for visual information representation. Herein, we introduce Visual Tokens…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Zhihang Lin , Mingbao Lin , Luxi Lin , Rongrong Ji

Vision encoders serve as the cornerstone of multimodal understanding. Single-encoder architectures like CLIP exhibit inherent constraints in generalizing across diverse multimodal tasks, while recent multi-encoder fusion methods introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yuchen Liu , Yaoming Wang , Bowen Shi , Xiaopeng Zhang , Wenrui Dai , Chenglin Li , Hongkai Xiong , Qi Tian

While Vision Transformers (ViT) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse tasks, their computational demands are substantial, scaling quadratically with the number of processed tokens. Compact attention representations,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Oded Schlesinger , Amirhossein Farzam , J. Matias Di Martino , Guillermo Sapiro

This paper focuses on channel pruning for semantic segmentation networks. Previous methods to compress and accelerate deep neural networks in the classification task cannot be straightforwardly applied to the semantic segmentation network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Xinghao Chen , Yiman Zhang , Yunhe Wang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) rely on dense visual tokens to capture fine-grained visual information, but processing all these tokens incurs substantial computational and memory overhead during inference. To address this issue, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xu Li , Yi Zheng , Yuxuan Liang , Zhe Liu , Xiaolei Chen , Haotian Chen , Rui Zhu , Xiangyang Xue

To enhance reasoning capabilities, previous works have explored incorporating special-purpose tokens into the training process. These strategies strengthen the learning mechanism of transformer-based large language models (LLMs). Building…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Eunki Kim , Sangryul Kim , James Thorne

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown great potential for embodied AI by integrating visual perception, language understanding, and action execution. In real-time deployment, these models must process continuous visual streams,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Ziyan Liu , Yeqiu Chen , Hongyi Cai , Tao Lin , Shuo Yang , Zheng Liu , Bo Zhao

Depth pruning aims to reduce the inference cost of a large language model without any hardware-specific complications, by simply removing several less important transformer blocks. However, our empirical findings suggest that the importance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Juyun Wee , Minjae Park , Jaeho Lee

With the development of pre-trained language models, the dense retrieval models have become promising alternatives to the traditional retrieval models that rely on exact match and sparse bag-of-words representations. Different from most…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Qi Liu , Gang Guo , Jiaxin Mao , Zhicheng Dou , Ji-Rong Wen , Hao Jiang , Xinyu Zhang , Zhao Cao

Video Large Language Models (Video LLMs) incur high inference latency due to a large number of visual tokens provided to LLMs. To address this, training-free visual token pruning has emerged as a solution to reduce computational costs;…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Kibum Kim , Jiwan Kim , Kyle Min , Yueqi Wang , Jinyoung Moon , Julian McAuley , Chanyoung Park

We present LightVLA, a simple yet effective differentiable token pruning framework for vision-language-action (VLA) models. While VLA models have shown impressive capability in executing real-world robotic tasks, their deployment on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Titong Jiang , Xuefeng Jiang , Yuan Ma , Xin Wen , Bailin Li , Kun Zhan , Peng Jia , Yahui Liu , Sheng Sun , Xianpeng Lang

Large reasoning models enhanced by reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards have achieved significant performance gains by extending their chain-of-thought. However, this paradigm incurs substantial deployment costs as models often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Wei Wu , Liyi Chen , Congxi Xiao , Tianfu Wang , Qimeng Wang , Chengqiang Lu , Yan Gao , Yi Wu , Yao Hu , Hui Xiong

While Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have demonstrated success in complex reasoning tasks through long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning, their inference often involves excessively verbose reasoning traces, resulting in substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yuxuan Jiang , Dawei Li , Francis Ferraro

Multi-head self-attention forms the core of Transformer networks. However, their quadratically growing complexity with respect to the input sequence length impedes their deployment on resource-constrained edge devices. We address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Zuzana Jelčicová , Marian Verhelst

Real-time inference of vision-language-action (VLA) models is essential for robotic control. While visual token pruning has shown strong potential for accelerating inference, most existing methods mainly base pruning decisions on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Shilin Ma , Chubin Zhang , Changyuan Wang , Yuji Wang , Yue Wu , Zixuan Wang , Jingqi Tian , Zheng Zhu , Yansong Tang

Although Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in image understanding tasks, their computational efficiency remains a significant challenge, particularly on resource-constrained devices due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Ruiguang Pei , Weiqing Sun , Zhihui Fu , Jun Wang

Recently, multimodal large language models (MM-LLMs) have achieved significant success in various tasks, but their high computational costs limit widespread application. The main computational burden arises from processing concatenated text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Gaotong Yu , Yi Chen , Jian Xu

While transformers have begun to dominate many tasks in vision, applying them to large images is still computationally difficult. A large reason for this is that self-attention scales quadratically with the number of tokens, which in turn,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Daniel Bolya , Cheng-Yang Fu , Xiaoliang Dai , Peizhao Zhang , Judy Hoffman

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) incur significant computational cost from processing numerous vision tokens through all LLM layers. Prior pruning methods operate either before the LLM, limiting generality due to diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Omer Faruk Deniz , Ruiyu Mao , Ruochen Li , Yapeng Tian , Latifur Khan

While Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning significantly enhances the performance of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), its autoregressive nature incurs prohibitive latency constraints. Current efforts to mitigate this via token…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Dongxu Zhang , Yiding Sun , Cheng Tan , Wenbiao Yan , Ning Yang , Jihua Zhu , Haijun Zhang
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