Related papers: Disorder-induced liquid-solid phase coexistence in…
We report the observation of two-threshold voltage-current characteristics accompanied by a peak of broadband current noise between the two threshold voltages in the insulating state at low densities in the 2D electron system in ultra-high…
In two-dimensional electronic systems, direct first-order phase transitions are prohibited as a consequence of the long-range Coulomb interaction, which implies a stiff energetic penalty for macroscopic phase separation. A prominent…
Charge density waves are thought to be common in two-dimensional electron systems in quantizing magnetic fields. Such phases are formed by the quasiparticles of the topmost occupied Landau level when it is partially filled. One class of…
We argue that the ground state of a two-dimensional electron gas with Rashba spin-orbit coupling realizes one of several possible liquid crystalline or Wigner crystalline phases in the low-density limit, even for short-range repulsive…
We review recent experiments that provide evidence for a transition to a conducting phase in two dimensions at very low electron densities. The nature of this phase is not understood, and is currently the focus of intense theoretical and…
We use molecular dynamics simulations in two dimensions to investigate the possibility that a core-softened potential can reproduce static and dynamic anomalies found experimentally in liquid water: (i) the increase in specific volume upon…
The physics of an electron solid, held on a cryogenic liquid surface by a pressing electric field, is examined in a low-density regime that has not been explored before. We consider the effect of the pressing field in distorting the surface…
As a function of the disorder strength in a mesoscopic system, the electron dynamics crosses over from the ballistic through the diffusive towards the localized regime. The ballistic and the localized situation correspond to integrable or…
We present results of molecular dynamics simulations of the electron system on the surface of liquid helium. The simulations are done for 1600 electrons with periodic boundary conditions. Electron scattering by capillary waves and phonons…
The equilibrium phase behaviour of hard spheres with size polydispersity is studied theoretically. We solve numerically the exact phase equilibrium equations that result from accurate free energy expressions for the fluid and solid phases,…
In a density-imbalanced bilayer Wigner crystal, where the ratio of electron densities in separate layers deviates slightly from unity, defects spontaneously form in one or both layers in the ground state of the system. Due to quantum…
Phase transitions are characterized by a sharp change in the type of dynamics of microparticles, and their description usually requires quantum mechanics. Recently, a peculiar type of conductors was discovered in which two-dimensional (2D)…
The interplay between the Fermi sea anisotropy, electron-electron interaction, and localization phenomena can give rise to exotic many-body phases. An exciting example is an anisotropic two-dimensional (2D) Wigner solid (WS), where…
We study the influence of quenched disorder on the two-dimensional melting behavior by using both video-microscopy of superparamagnetic colloidal particles and computer simulations of repulsive parallel dipoles. Quenched disorder is…
Metallic phases have been observed in several disordered two dimensional (2d) systems, including thin films near superconductor-insulator transitions and quantum Hall systems near plateau transitions. The existence of 2d metallic phases at…
Recent claims of an experimental demonstration of spontaneous spin polarisation in dilute electron gases \cite{young99} revived long standing theoretical discussions \cite{ceper99,bloch}. In two dimensions, the stabilisation of a…
In experimental systems, colloidal particles are virtually always at least somewhat polydisperse, which can have profound effects on their ability to crystallize. Unfortunately, accurately predicting the effects of polydispersity on phase…
Non-equilibrium phase coexistence is commonly observed in both biological and artificial systems, yet understanding it remains a significant challenge. Unlike equilibrium systems, where free energy provides a unifying framework, the absence…
Long-wavelength Mermin-Wagner fluctuations prevent the existence of translational long-range order, in two-dimensional systems at finite temperature. Their dynamical signature, which is the divergence of the vibrational amplitude with the…
We report the experimental observation of a square crystalline phase in a vibrated binary mixture of spherical grains. This structure spontaneously forms from a disordered state, consistently with predictions obtained in an equilibrium…