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The growth of Graph Convolution Network (GCN) model sizes has revolutionized numerous applications, surpassing human performance in areas such as personal healthcare and financial systems. The deployment of GCNs in the cloud raises privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Hongwu Peng , Ran Ran , Yukui Luo , Jiahui Zhao , Shaoyi Huang , Kiran Thorat , Tong Geng , Chenghong Wang , Xiaolin Xu , Wujie Wen , Caiwen Ding

Homomorphic encryption (HE) is a promising technique used for privacy-preserving computation. Since HE schemes only support primitive polynomial operations, homomorphic evaluation of polynomial approximations for non-polynomial functions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-27 John Chiang

Homomorphic encryption (HE) is a promising technology for confidential cloud computing, as it allows computations on encrypted data. However, HE is computationally expensive and often memory-bound on conventional computer architectures.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Niklas Klinger , Jonas Sander , Peterson Yuhala , Pascal Felber , Thomas Eisenbarth

The Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) is a critical computational bottleneck in many lattice-based postquantum cryptographic (PQC) algorithms. By leveraging the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm, the NTT of a polynomial of degree N - 1…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Mohammed Nabeel , Mahmoud Hafez , Michail Maniatakos

As privacy concerns in AI technologies continue to grow, Homomorphic Encryption (HE) offers a way to perform computations on encrypted data without the need of decryption during operations. However, HE is limited to addition and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Dimitrios Sygletos , Dimitra Papatsaroucha , Marios Choudetsanakis , Ilias Politis , Evangelos K. Markakis

Fully Homomorphic Encryption over the torus (TFHE) enables computation on encrypted data without decryption, making it a cornerstone of secure and confidential computing. Despite its potential in privacy preserving machine learning, secure…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Mayank Kumar , Jiaqi Xue , Mengxin Zheng , Qian Lou

Due to the extensive application of machine learning (ML) in a wide range of fields and the necessity of data privacy, privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML) solutions have recently gained significant traction. One group of approaches…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Parsa Ghazvinian , Robert Podschwadt , Prajwal Panzade , Mohammad H. Rafiei , Daniel Takabi

Cost of serving large language models (LLM) is high, but the expensive and scarce GPUs are poorly efficient when generating tokens sequentially, unless the batch of sequences is enlarged. However, the batch size is limited by some…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Jiaao He , Jidong Zhai

Homomorphic encryption (HE) allows secure computation on encrypted data without revealing the original data, providing significant benefits for privacy-sensitive applications. Many cloud computing applications (e.g., DNA read mapping,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Mayank Kabra , Rakesh Nadig , Harshita Gupta , Rahul Bera , Manos Frouzakis , Vamanan Arulchelvan , Yu Liang , Haiyu Mao , Mohammad Sadrosadati , Onur Mutlu

Homomorphic encryption (HE) is a privacy-preserving computation technique that enables computation on encrypted data. Today, the potential of HE remains largely unrealized as it is impractically slow, preventing it from being used in real…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Negar Neda , Austin Ebel , Benedict Reynwar , Brandon Reagen

This paper introduces efficient modifications to neural network-based sequence processing approaches, laying new grounds for scalable privacy-preserving machine learning under Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE). Transformers are now…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Rickard Brännvall , Tony Zhang , Henrik Forsgren , Andrei Stoian , Fredrik Sandin , Marcus Liwicki

Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) has become a growing trend in recent years and several such services are currently offered. MLaaS is essentially a set of services that provides machine learning tools and capabilities as part of cloud…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Daniel Takabi , Robert Podschwadt , Jeff Druce , Curt Wu , Kevin Procopio

Building self-improving AI systems remains a fundamental challenge in the AI domain. We present NNGPT, an open-source framework that turns a large language model (LLM) into a self-improving AutoML engine for neural network development,…

In recent years, federated learning (FL) has been widely applied for supporting decentralized collaborative learning scenarios. Among existing FL models, federated logistic regression (FLR) is a widely used statistic model and has been used…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Xiaodian Cheng , Wanhang Lu , Xinyang Huang , Shuihai Hu , Kai Chen

Homomorphic encryption (HE) enables the secure offloading of computations to the cloud by providing computation on encrypted data (ciphertexts). HE is based on noisy encryption schemes in which noise accumulates as more computations are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Sangpyo Kim , Jongmin Kim , Michael Jaemin Kim , Wonkyung Jung , Minsoo Rhu , John Kim , Jung Ho Ahn

Charged particle track reconstruction is a foundational task in collider experiments and the main computational bottleneck in particle reconstruction. Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown strong performance for this problem, but costly…

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized AI applications, yet their enormous computational demands severely limit deployment and real-time performance. Quantization methods can help reduce computational costs, however, attaining the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Shaobo Ma , Chao Fang , Haikuo Shao , Zhongfeng Wang

Due to the rising privacy demand in data mining, Homomorphic Encryption (HE) is receiving more and more attention recently for its capability to do computations over the encrypted field. By using the HE technique, it is possible to securely…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-20 Junyi Li , Heng Huang

Federated learning is a method used in machine learning to allow multiple devices to work together on a model without sharing their private data. Each participant keeps their private data on their system and trains a local model and only…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Feiran Yang

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE), a novel cryptographic theory enabling computation directly on ciphertext data, offers significant security benefits but is hampered by substantial performance overhead. In recent years, a series of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Shengyu Fan , Xianglong Deng , Zhuoyu Tian , Zhicheng Hu , Liang Chang , Rui Hou , Dan Meng , Mingzhe Zhang