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Code translation is a crucial activity in the software development and maintenance process, and researchers have recently begun to focus on using pre-trained large language models (LLMs) for code translation. However, existing LLMs only…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Minghua He , Yue Chen , Fangkai Yang , Pu Zhao , Wenjie Yin , Yu Kang , Qingwei Lin , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang

This paper presents an evolutionary framework for the training of large language models(LLM). The models are divided into several experts(sub-networks), which have the same structure but different parameter values. Only one expert is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yingshi Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved exceptional performance across diverse domains through training on massive datasets. However, scaling LLMs to support multiple downstream domain applications remains a significant challenge,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shaomang Huang , Jianfeng Pan , Min Peng , Hanzhong Zheng

Recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in generating code snippets directly from problem statements. This increasingly automated process mirrors traditional human-led software development, where code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Noble Saji Mathews , Meiyappan Nagappan

Recent development of large language models (LLMs) for code like CodeX and CodeT5+ demonstrates tremendous promise in achieving code intelligence. Their ability of synthesizing code that completes a program for performing a pre-defined task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Weimin Xiong , Yiwen Guo , Hao Chen

Template-based and LLM-based code generation are both key enablers of automated software development. The former provides correctness guarantees but are rigid for complex requirements, whereas LLMs offer high flexibility at the risk of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Xiao He , Ru Chen , Zeqing Zhang , Yanling Wang , Qiuyan Dong

Tackling complex optimization problems often relies on expert-designed heuristics, typically crafted through extensive trial and error. Recent advances demonstrate that large language models (LLMs), when integrated into well-designed…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Ziyao Huang , Weiwei Wu , Kui Wu , Jianping Wang , Wei-Bin Lee

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced code generation efficiency, they face inherent challenges in balancing performance and inference costs across diverse programming tasks. Dynamically selecting the optimal LLM…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Junhang Cheng , Fang Liu , Chengru Wu , Li Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown great ability in generating executable code from natural language, opening the possibility of automatically constructing environments for AI agents. Recent work on Code World Models (CWMs)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Tyrone Serapio , Arjun Prakash , Haoyang Xu , Kevin Wang , Amy Greenwald

Large Language models have achieved impressive performance in automated software engineering. Extensive efforts have been made to evaluate the abilities of code LLMs in various aspects, with an increasing number of benchmarks and evaluation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Lezhi Ma , Shangqing Liu , Lei Bu , Shangru Li , Yida Wang , Yang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are predominantly assessed based on their common sense reasoning, language comprehension, and logical reasoning abilities. While models trained in specialized domains like mathematics or coding have demonstrated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Danny Brahman , Mohammad Mahoor

Recent advancements in prompt engineering strategies, such as Chain-of-Thought (CoT) and Self-Discover, have demonstrated significant potential in improving the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Krishna Aswani , Huilin Lu , Pranav Patankar , Priya Dhalwani , Iris Tan , Jayant Ganeshmohan , Simon Lacasse

We propose a method to teach multiple large language models (LLM) to collaborate by interleaving their generations at the token level. We model the decision of which LLM generates the next token as a latent variable. By optimizing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Shannon Zejiang Shen , Hunter Lang , Bailin Wang , Yoon Kim , David Sontag

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer promising capabilities for tackling complex reasoning tasks, including optimization problems. However, existing methods either rely on prompt engineering, which leads to poor generalization across problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Dong Li , Xujiang Zhao , Linlin Yu , Yanchi Liu , Wei Cheng , Zhengzhang Chen , Zhong Chen , Feng Chen , Chen Zhao , Haifeng Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a variety of software engineering and coding tasks. However, their application in the domain of code and compiler optimization remains underexplored. Training…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Chris Cummins , Volker Seeker , Dejan Grubisic , Baptiste Roziere , Jonas Gehring , Gabriel Synnaeve , Hugh Leather

Code generation has largely improved development efficiency in the era of large language models (LLMs). With the ability to follow instructions, current LLMs can be prompted to generate code solutions given detailed descriptions in natural…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Yun Peng , Jun Wan , Yichen Li , Xiaoxue Ren

Current alignment methods for Large Language Models (LLMs) rely on compressing vast amounts of human preference data into static, absolute reward functions, leading to data scarcity, noise sensitivity, and training instability. We introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jing Zhao , Ting Zhen , Junwei Bao , Hongfei Jiang , Yang Song

Concurrency testing is essential to improve the reliability and security of multi-threaded programs. Dynamic analysis tools, such as TSan, depend on high-quality test drivers that reach critical shared-memory interactions at runtime.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yuandao Cai , Shuhao Fu , Wensheng Tang , Cheng Wen , Shengchao Qin , Charles Zhang

Feature Engineering (FE) is pivotal in automated machine learning (AutoML) but remains a bottleneck for traditional methods, which operate within rigid search spaces and lack domain awareness. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Beicheng Xu , Keyao Ding , Wei Liu , Yupeng Lu , Bin Cui

Evaluating the performance of Code Language Models (CLMs) for software engineering tasks, especially in multilingual and low-resource programming language settings, poses significant challenges. These challenges are primarily due to the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Rohit Dandamudi , Gema Rodríguez-Pérez