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Fine-tuning pre-trained language models, particularly large language models, demands extensive computing resources and can result in varying performance outcomes across different domains and datasets. This paper examines the approach of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Guodong Du , Jing Li , Hanting Liu , Runhua Jiang , Shuyang Yu , Yifei Guo , Sim Kuan Goh , Ho-Kin Tang

Fine-tuning pre-trained language models has become the prevalent paradigm for building downstream NLP models. Oftentimes fine-tuned models are readily available but their training data is not, due to data privacy or intellectual property…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Xisen Jin , Xiang Ren , Daniel Preotiuc-Pietro , Pengxiang Cheng

In the current paper, we present an optimization system solving multi objective production scheduling problems (MOOPPS). The identification of Pareto optimal alternatives or at least a close approximation of them is possible by a set of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-09-08 Martin Josef Geiger

Aligning large language models to human preferences is inherently multidimensional, yet most pipelines collapse heterogeneous signals into a single optimizeable objective. We seek to answer what it would take to simultaneously align a model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Yiran Shen , Yu Xia , Jonathan Chang , Prithviraj Ammanabrolu

Post-training of LLMs with RLHF, and subsequently preference optimization algorithms such as DPO, IPO, etc., made a big difference in improving human alignment. However, all such techniques can only work with a single (human) objective. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Akhil Agnihotri , Rahul Jain , Deepak Ramachandran , Zheng Wen

Recent advances in geometric deep learning and generative modeling have enabled the design of novel proteins with a wide range of desired properties. However, current state-of-the-art approaches are typically restricted to generating…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-26 Vsevolod Viliuga , Leif Seute , Nicolas Wolf , Simon Wagner , Arne Elofsson , Jan Stühmer , Frauke Gräter

Recent work on human animation usually incorporates large-scale video models, thereby achieving more vivid performance. However, the practical use of such methods is hindered by the slow inference speed and high computational demands.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Rang Meng , Yan Wang , Weipeng Wu , Ruobing Zheng , Yuming Li , Chenguang Ma

By merging models, AI systems can combine the distinct strengths of separate language models, achieving a balance between multiple capabilities without requiring substantial retraining. However, the integration process can be intricate due…

Deep model fusion/merging is an emerging technique that merges the parameters or predictions of multiple deep learning models into a single one. It combines the abilities of different models to make up for the biases and errors of a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Weishi Li , Yong Peng , Miao Zhang , Liang Ding , Han Hu , Li Shen

A single language model, even when aligned with labelers through reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), may not suit all human preferences. Recent approaches therefore prefer customization, gathering multi-dimensional feedback,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Zhanhui Zhou , Jie Liu , Jing Shao , Xiangyu Yue , Chao Yang , Wanli Ouyang , Yu Qiao

In the era of large language models, model merging is a promising way to combine multiple task-specific models into a single multitask model without extra training. However, two challenges remain: (a) interference between different models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Zhenyi Lu , Chenghao Fan , Wei Wei , Xiaoye Qu , Dangyang Chen , Yu Cheng

Model merging aims to integrate multiple expert models into a single model that inherits their complementary strengths without incurring the inference-time cost of ensembling. Recent progress has shown that merging can be highly effective…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shilian Chen , Jie Zhou , Qin Chen , Wen Wu , Xin Li , Qi Feng , Liang He

Finetuning on domain-specific data is a well-established method for enhancing LLM performance on downstream tasks. Training on each dataset produces a new set of model weights, resulting in a multitude of checkpoints saved in-house or on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Sofia Maria Lo Cicero Vaina , Artem Chumachenko , Max Ryabinin

Multi-role dialogue summarization requires modeling complex interactions among multiple speakers while preserving role-specific information and factual consistency. However, most existing methods optimize for automatic metrics such as ROUGE…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Xiaoyong Mei , Tingting Zuo , Da Chen , Guangyu Hu , Xiangyu Wen , Chao Duan , Mingyan Zhang , Fudan Zheng

Building upon large language models (LLMs), recent large multimodal models (LMMs) unify cross-model understanding and generation into a single framework. However, LMMs still struggle to achieve accurate vision-language alignment, prone to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jixiang Hong , Yiran Zhang , Guanzhong Wang , Yi Liu , Ji-Rong Wen , Rui Yan

Model merging, such as model souping, is the practice of combining different models with the same architecture together without further training. In this work, we present a model merging methodology that addresses the difficulty of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Lucas Bandarkar , Benjamin Muller , Pritish Yuvraj , Rui Hou , Nayan Singhal , Hongjiang Lv , Bing Liu

Designing effective reward functions remains a central challenge in reinforcement learning, especially in multi-objective environments. In this work, we propose Multi-Objective Reward Shaping with Exploration (MORSE), a general framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Yuqing Xie , Jiayu Chen , Wenhao Tang , Ya Zhang , Chao Yu , Yu Wang

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences is critical for enhancing LLMs' safety, helpfulness, humor, faithfulness, etc. Current reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) mainly focuses on a fixed reward learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Qiang He , Yucheng Yang , Tianyi Zhou , Meng Fang , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Setareh Maghsudi

Model merging combines expert models for multitask performance but faces challenges from parameter interference. This has sparked recent interest in controllable model merging, giving users the ability to explicitly balance performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Jialin Wu , Jian Yang , Handing Wang , Jiajun Wen , Zhiyong Yu

Reward functions are a common way to specify the objective of a robot. As designing reward functions can be extremely challenging, a more promising approach is to directly learn reward functions from human teachers. Importantly, data from…