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Growth of the Internet and networked multimedia systems has emphasized the need for copyright protection of the media. Media can be images, audio clips, videos and etc. Digital watermarking is today extensively used for many applications…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Amin Banitalebi , Said Nader-Esfahani , Alireza Nasiri Avanaki

As large language models become increasingly capable and widely deployed, verifying the provenance of machine-generated content is critical to ensuring trust, safety, and accountability. Watermarking techniques have emerged as a promising…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yihan Wu , Ruibo Chen , Georgios Milis , Heng Huang

Watermarking methods have always been effective means of protecting intellectual property, yet they face significant challenges. Although existing deep learning-based watermarking systems can hide watermarks in images with minimal impact on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Xuan Ding , Xiu Yan , Chuanlong Xie , Yao Zhu

The indistinguishability of large language model (LLM) output from human-authored content poses significant challenges, raising concerns about potential misuse of AI-generated text and its influence on future model training. Watermarking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Alexander Nemecek , Yuzhou Jiang , Erman Ayday

Deepfake facial manipulation has garnered significant public attention due to its impacts on enhancing human experiences and posing privacy threats. Despite numerous passive algorithms that have been attempted to thwart malicious Deepfake…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Tianyi Wang , Mengxiao Huang , Harry Cheng , Xiao Zhang , Zhiqi Shen

As Diffusion Models (DM) generate increasingly realistic images, related issues such as copyright and misuse have become a growing concern. Watermarking is one of the promising solutions. Existing methods inject the watermark into the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Kecen Li , Zhicong Huang , Xinwen Hou , Cheng Hong

Being trained on large and diverse datasets, visual foundation models (VFMs) can be fine-tuned to achieve remarkable performance and efficiency in various downstream computer vision tasks. The high computational cost of data collection and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Anna Chistyakova , Mikhail Pautov

Latent diffusion models (LDMs) dominate high-quality image generation, yet integrating representation learning with generative modeling remains a challenge. We introduce a novel generative image modeling framework that seamlessly bridges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Theodoros Kouzelis , Efstathios Karypidis , Ioannis Kakogeorgiou , Spyros Gidaris , Nikos Komodakis

Current image watermarking methods are vulnerable to advanced image editing techniques enabled by large-scale text-to-image models. These models can distort embedded watermarks during editing, posing significant challenges to copyright…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Shilin Lu , Zihan Zhou , Jiayou Lu , Yuanzhi Zhu , Adams Wai-Kin Kong

The rapid spread of text generated by large language models (LLMs) makes it increasingly difficult to distinguish authentic human writing from machine output. Watermarking offers a promising solution: model owners can embed an imperceptible…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Shingo Kodama , Haya Diwan , Lucas Rosenblatt , R. Teal Witter , Niv Cohen

Watermarking is one of the most important copyright protection tools for digital media. The most challenging type of watermarking is the imperceptible one, which embeds identifying information in the data while retaining the latter's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Natan Semyonov , Rami Puzis , Asaf Shabtai , Gilad Katz

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in various applications, including text generation and complex tasks. However, the misuse of LLMs raises concerns about the authenticity and ethical implications of the content they produce, such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Zesen Liu , Tianshuo Cong , Xinlei He , Qi Li

Current image watermarking technologies are predominantly categorized into text watermarking techniques and image steganography; however, few methods can simultaneously handle text and image-based watermark data, which limits their…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-06-03 ZhongLi Fang , Yu Xie , Ping Chen

Watermarking is a commonly used strategy to protect creators' rights to digital images, videos and audio. Recently, watermarking methods have been extended to deep learning models -- in principle, the watermark should be preserved when an…

Text-to-image diffusion models, such as Stable Diffusion, have shown exceptional potential in generating high-quality images. However, recent studies highlight concerns over the use of unauthorized data in training these models, which may…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Soumil Datta , Shih-Chieh Dai , Leo Yu , Guanhong Tao

In this paper, we highlight a critical threat posed by emerging neural models: data plagiarism. We demonstrate how modern neural models (e.g., diffusion models) can replicate copyrighted images, even when protected by advanced watermarking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zihang Zou , Boqing Gong , Liqiang Wang

Language model (LM) watermarking techniques inject a statistical signal into LM-generated content by substituting the random sampling process with pseudo-random sampling, using watermark keys as the random seed. Among these statistical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Yihan Wu , Ruibo Chen , Zhengmian Hu , Yanshuo Chen , Junfeng Guo , Hongyang Zhang , Heng Huang

Watermarking images is critical for tracking image provenance and proving ownership. With the advent of generative models, such as stable diffusion, that can create fake but realistic images, watermarking has become particularly important…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Lijun Zhang , Xiao Liu , Antoni Viros Martin , Cindy Xiong Bearfield , Yuriy Brun , Hui Guan

The availability of bandwidth for internet access is sufficient enough to communicate digital assets. These digital assets are subjected to various types of threats. [19] As a result of this, protection mechanism required for the protection…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2013-01-23 Mahimn Pandya , Hiren Joshi , Ashish Jani

Text watermarking has emerged as a pivotal technique for identifying machine-generated text. However, existing methods often rely on arbitrary vocabulary partitioning during decoding to embed watermarks, which compromises the availability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Liang Chen , Yatao Bian , Yang Deng , Deng Cai , Shuaiyi Li , Peilin Zhao , Kam-fai Wong