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Matrix Product States (MPS) and Projected Entangled Pair States (PEPS) are powerful analytical and numerical tools to assess quantum many-body systems in one and higher dimensions, respectively. While MPS are comprehensively understood, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-23 G. Scarpa , A. Molnar , Y. Ge , J. J. Garcia-Ripoll , N. Schuch , D. Perez-Garcia , S. Iblisdir

The Hamiltonian for a system of itinerant particles on a two-dimensional lattice in a uniform magnetic field reduces the translational symmetry to a magnetic translation group, because of the need to choose a particular gauge for the vector…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Wei Tang , Gunnar Möller , Frank Verstraete , Laurens Vanderstraeten

We present an improved version of the algorithm contracting and optimizing finite projected entangled pair states (fPEPS) in conjunction with projected entangled pair operators (PEPOs). Our work has two components to it. First, we explain…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-11-04 Markus Scheb

We demonstrate that projected entangled-pair states (PEPS) are able to represent ground states of critical, fermionic systems exhibiting both 1d and 0d Fermi surfaces on a 2D lattice with an efficient scaling of the bond dimension.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-11-17 Quinten Mortier , Norbert Schuch , Frank Verstraete , Jutho Haegeman

A tensor network renormalization algorithm with global optimization based on the corner transfer matrix is proposed. Since the environment is updated by the corner transfer matrix renormalization group method, the forward-backward iteration…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-01-26 Satoshi Morita , Naoki Kawashima

This article reviews recent developments in the theoretical understanding and the numerical implementation of variational renormalization group methods using matrix product states and projected entangled pair states.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-07-17 F. Verstraete , J. I. Cirac , V. Murg

We have applied a variational algorithm based on Projected Entangled Pair States (PEPS) to a two dimensional frustrated spin system, the spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the Shastry-Sutherland lattice. We use the class of PEPS…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Isacsson , O. F. Syljuasen

Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) or Matrix Product States (MPS) are widely acknowledged as highly effective and accurate methods for solving one-dimensional quantum many-body systems. However, the direct application of DMRG to…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-11-25 Xiangjian Qian , Jiale Huang , Mingpu Qin

Solving the quantum many-body ground state problem remains a central challenge in computational physics. In this context, the Variational Monte Carlo (VMC) framework based on Projected Entangled Pair States (PEPS) has witnessed rapid…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-01-29 Tao Chen , Jing Liu , Yantao Wu , Pan Zhang , Youjin Deng

Projected Entangled Pair States (PEPS) are used in practice as an efficient parametrization of the set of ground states of quantum many body systems. The aim of this paper is to present, for a broad mathematical audience, some mathematical…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-03-19 J. Ignacio Cirac , José Garre-Rubio , David Pérez-García

We develop and benchmark a technique for simulating excitation spectra of generic two-dimensional quantum lattice systems using the framework of projected entangled-pair states (PEPS). The technique relies on a variational ansatz for…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-04-24 Laurens Vanderstraeten , Jutho Haegeman , Frank Verstraete

Efficient characterization of higher dimensional many-body physical states presents significant challenges. In this paper, we propose a new class of Project Entangled Pair State (PEPS) that incorporates two isometric conditions. This new…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Xie-Hang Yu , J. Ignacio Cirac , Pavel Kos , Georgios Styliaris

The density-matrix renormalization group method (DMRG) has established itself over the last decade as the leading method for the simulation of the statics and dynamics of one-dimensional strongly correlated quantum lattice systems. In the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2011-01-04 Ulrich Schollwoeck

We develop tangent space methods for projected entangled-pair states (PEPS) that provide direct access to the low-energy sector of strongly-correlated two-dimensional quantum systems. More specifically, we construct a variational ansatz for…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-12-02 Laurens Vanderstraeten , Michaël Mariën , Frank Verstraete , Jutho Haegeman

We present an approach to identify topological order based on unbiased infinite projected entangled-pair states (iPEPS) simulations, i.e. where we do not impose a virtual symmetry on the tensors during the optimization of the tensor network…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-09-04 S. P. G. Crone , P. Corboz

Tensor networks, a model that originated from quantum physics, has been gradually generalized as efficient models in machine learning in recent years. However, in order to achieve exact contraction, only tree-like tensor networks such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Song Cheng , Lei Wang , Pan Zhang

We adapt and optimize the projected-pair-entangled-state (PEPS) algorithm on finite lattices (fPEPS) for two-dimensional Hubbard models and apply the algorithm to the Hubbard model with nearest-neighbor hopping on a square lattice. In…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-04-19 Markus Scheb , Reinhard M. Noack

We combine the Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) with Matrix Product State tangent space concepts to construct a variational algorithm for finding ground states of one dimensional quantum lattices in the thermodynamic limit. A…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-22 V. Zauner-Stauber , L. Vanderstraeten , M. T. Fishman , F. Verstraete , J. Haegeman

We have studied transition metal clusters from a quantum information theory perspective using the density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method. We demonstrate the competition between entanglement and interaction localization. We also…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 G. Barcza , Ö. Legeza , K. H. Marti , M. Reiher

The recently developed stochastic gradient method combined with Monte Carlo sampling techniques [PRB {\bf 95}, 195154 (2017)] offers a low scaling and accurate method to optimize the projected entangled pair states (PEPS). We extended this…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-06-05 Shao-Jun Dong , Chao Wang , Yongjian Han , Guang-can Guo , Lixin He