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Transformers are at the core of modern AI nowadays. They rely heavily on matrix multiplication and require efficient acceleration due to their substantial memory and computational requirements. Quantization plays a vital role in reducing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Ahmed J. Abdelmaksoud , Cristian Sestito , Shiwei Wang , Themis Prodromakis

Sparse Matrix-matrix Multiplication (SpMM) and Sampled Dense-dense Matrix Multiplication (SDDMM) are important sparse operators in scientific computing and deep learning. Tensor Core Units (TCUs) enhance modern accelerators with superior…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Jinliang Shi , Shigang Li , Youxuan Xu , Rongtian Fu , Xueying Wang , Tong Wu

Hardware accelerators, such as those based on GPUs and FPGAs, offer an excellent opportunity to efficiently parallelize functionalities. Recently, modern embedded platforms started being equipped with such accelerators, resulting in a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Daniel Casini , Paolo Pazzaglia , Alessandro Biondi , Marco Di Natale

In computational science and data analytics, many workloads involve irregular and sparse computations that are inherently difficult to optimize for modern hardware. A key kernel is Sparse General Matrix-Matrix Multiplication (SpGEMM), which…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Yifan Li , Giulia Guidi

Systolic arrays and shared-L1-memory manycore clusters are commonly used architectural paradigms that offer different trade-offs to accelerate parallel workloads. While the first excel with regular dataflow at the cost of rigid…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Sergio Mazzola , Samuel Riedel , Luca Benini

General sparse matrix-matrix multiplication (SpGEMM) is a fundamental building block for numerous applications such as algebraic multigrid method (AMG), breadth first search and shortest path problem. Compared to other sparse BLAS routines,…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2015-09-15 Weifeng Liu , Brian Vinter

Recently, there have been increasing demands to construct compact deep architectures to remove unnecessary redundancy and to improve the inference speed. While many recent works focus on reducing the redundancy by eliminating unneeded…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Eunwoo Kim , Chanho Ahn , Songhwai Oh

The importance of general matrix multiplication (GEMM) is motivating new instruction set extensions for multiplying dense matrices in almost all contemporary ISAs, and these extensions are often implemented using high-performance systolic…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Tuan Ta , Joshua Randall , Christopher Batten

Machine learning (ML) models are widely used in many important domains. For efficiently processing these computational- and memory-intensive applications, tensors of these over-parameterized models are compressed by leveraging sparsity,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Shail Dave , Riyadh Baghdadi , Tony Nowatzki , Sasikanth Avancha , Aviral Shrivastava , Baoxin Li

The Sch\"onhage-Strassen algorithm (SSA) is the de-facto standard for multiplication of large integers. For $N$-bit numbers it has a time bound of $O(N \cdot \log N \cdot \log \log N)$. De, Kurur, Saha and Saptharishi (DKSS) presented an…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2015-03-18 Christoph Lüders

This paper highlights new opportunities for designing large-scale machine learning systems as a consequence of blurring traditional boundaries that have allowed algorithm designers and application-level practitioners to stay -- for the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-09-10 Suyog Gupta , Vikas Sindhwani , Kailash Gopalakrishnan

We show how to construct highly symmetric algorithms for matrix multiplication. In particular, we consider algorithms which decompose the matrix multiplication tensor into a sum of rank-1 tensors, where the decomposition itself consists of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-12-13 Joshua A. Grochow , Cristopher Moore

This paper introduces the sparse periodic systolic (SPS) dataflow, which advances the state-of-the-art hardware accelerator for supporting lightweight neural networks. Specifically, the SPS dataflow enables a novel hardware design approach…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Jung Hwan Heo , Arash Fayyazi , Amirhossein Esmaili , Massoud Pedram

We develop and implement in this paper a fast sparse assembly algorithm, the fundamental operation which creates a compressed matrix from raw index data. Since it is often a quite demanding and sometimes critical operation, it is of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-04-28 Stefan Engblom , Dimitar Lukarski

Recent hardware acceleration advances have enabled powerful specialized accelerators for finite element computations, spiking neural network inference, and sparse tensor operations. However, existing approaches face fundamental limitations:…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Chuanzhen Wang , Leo Zhang , Eric Liu

Unstructured pruning reduces the memory footprint in deep neural networks (DNNs). Recently, researchers proposed different types of structural pruning intending to reduce also the computation complexity. In this work, we first suggest a new…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Itay Hubara , Brian Chmiel , Moshe Island , Ron Banner , Seffi Naor , Daniel Soudry

Sparse linear algebra kernels play a critical role in numerous applications, covering from exascale scientific simulation to large-scale data analytics. Offloading linear algebra kernels on one GPU will no longer be viable in these…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Jieyang Chen , Chenhao Xie , Jesun S Firoz , Jiajia Li , Shuaiwen Leon Song , Kevin Barker , Mark Raugas , Ang Li

The multiplication of matrices is an important arithmetic operation in computational mathematics. In the context of hierarchical matrices, this operation can be realized by the multiplication of structured block-wise low-rank matrices,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-05-24 Jürgen Dölz , Helmut Harbrecht , Michael D. Multerer

Computation of the large sparse matrix exponential has been an important topic in many fields, such as network and finite-element analysis. The existing scaling and squaring algorithm (SSA) is not suitable for the computation of the large…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-10-12 Feng Wu , Kailing Zhang , Li Zhu , Jiayao Hu

In large-scale LLM pre-training systems with 100k+ GPUs, failures become the norm rather than the exception, and restart costs can dominate wall-clock training time. However, existing fault-tolerance mechanisms are largely unprepared for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jin Lee , Zhonghao Chen , Xuhang He , Robert Underwood , Bogdan Nicolae , Franck Cappello , Xiaoyi Lu , Sheng Di , Zheng Zhang