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Large Language Models (LLMs) have attained human-level accuracy on medical question-answer (QA) benchmarks. However, their limitations in navigating open-ended clinical scenarios have recently been shown, raising concerns about the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Jonathan Kim , Anna Podlasek , Kie Shidara , Feng Liu , Ahmed Alaa , Danilo Bernardo

Automatic Heuristic Design (AHD) has gained traction as a promising solution for solving combinatorial optimization problems (COPs). Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged and become a promising approach to achieving AHD, but current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Jiawei Xu , Feng-Feng Wei , Wei-Neng Chen

In-context learning (ICL) enables large language models (LLMs) to perform downstream tasks through advanced prompting and high-quality demonstrations. However, traditional ICL paradigms encounter significant limitations in complex reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jinyang Wu , Mingkuan Feng , Shuai Zhang , Feihu Che , Zengqi Wen , Chonghua Liao , Jianhua Tao

With the significant progress of large reasoning models in complex coding and reasoning tasks, existing benchmarks, like LiveCodeBench and CodeElo, are insufficient to evaluate the coding capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in real…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Shiyi Xu , Yiwen Hu , Yingqian Min , Zhipeng Chen , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly described as possessing strong reasoning capabilities, supported by high performance on mathematical, logical, and planning benchmarks. However, most existing evaluations rely on aggregate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Md. Fahad Ullah Utsho , Mohd. Ruhul Ameen , Akif Islam , Md. Golam Rashed , Dipankar Das

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success on a broad range of tasks, math reasoning remains a challenging one. One of the approaches for improving math reasoning is self-correction, which designs self-improving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Xutong Zhao , Tengyu Xu , Xuewei Wang , Zhengxing Chen , Di Jin , Liang Tan , Yen-Ting , Zishun Yu , Zhuokai Zhao , Yun He , Sinong Wang , Han Fang , Sarath Chandar , Chen Zhu

With the development of artificial intelligence (AI), large language models (LLM) are widely used in many fields. However, the reasoning ability of LLM is still very limited when it comes to mathematical reasoning. Mathematics plays an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Wenbei Xie , Donglin Liu , Haoran Yan , Wenjie Wu , Zongyang Liu

Large language models (LLMs), such as LLaMA, Alpaca, Vicuna, GPT-3.5 and GPT-4, have advanced the performance of AI systems on various natural language processing tasks to human-like levels. However, their generalisation and robustness when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Qiming Bao , Gael Gendron , Alex Yuxuan Peng , Wanjun Zhong , Neset Tan , Yang Chen , Michael Witbrock , Jiamou Liu

The Orion-1 model by OpenAI is claimed to have more robust logical reasoning capabilities than previous large language models. However, some suggest the excellence might be partially due to the model "memorizing" solutions, resulting in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Leo Li , Ye Luo , Tingyou Pan

The rapid rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) has been accompanied by an equally rapid increase of benchmarks used to assess them. However, due to both improved model competence resulting from scaling and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 İbrahim Ethem Deveci , Duygu Ataman

Large language models (LLMs) have proven to be highly effective for solving complex reasoning tasks. Surprisingly, their capabilities can often be improved by iterating on previously generated solutions. In this context, a reasoning plan…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 MohammadHossein Bateni , Vincent Cohen-Addad , Yuzhou Gu , Silvio Lattanzi , Simon Meierhans , Christopher Mohri

Large Language Models (LLMs) are highly proficient in language-based tasks. Their language capabilities have positioned them at the forefront of the future AGI (Artificial General Intelligence) race. However, on closer inspection, Valmeekam…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Dibyanayan Bandyopadhyay , Soham Bhattacharjee , Asif Ekbal

Large language models have recently demonstrated advanced capabilities in solving IMO and Putnam problems; yet their role in research mathematics has remained fairly limited. The key difficulty is verification: suggested proofs may look…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Ayush Khaitan , Vijay Ganesh

The rapid development of large reasoning models (LRMs), such as OpenAI-o3 and DeepSeek-R1, has led to significant improvements in complex reasoning over non-reasoning large language models~(LLMs). However, their enhanced capabilities,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Kaiwen Zhou , Chengzhi Liu , Xuandong Zhao , Shreedhar Jangam , Jayanth Srinivasa , Gaowen Liu , Dawn Song , Xin Eric Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in many areas but continue to face challenges with complex reasoning tasks, such as Multi-Hop Question Answering (MHQA). MHQA requires integrating evidence from diverse sources while managing intricate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Bolei He , Xinran He , Mengke Chen , Xianwei Xue , Ying Zhu , Zhenhua Ling

This paper presents a novel framework for enhancing reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs) by leveraging iterative reasoning and feedback-driven methodologies. Building on the limitations identified in the SimpleBench…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Soham Sane , Angus McLean

Separating disinformation from fact on the web has long challenged both the search and the reasoning powers of humans. We show that the reasoning power of large language models (LLMs) and the retrieval power of modern search engines can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Christopher Malon

Reasoning-enabled large language models (LLMs) excel in logical tasks, yet their utility for evaluating natural language generation remains unexplored. This study systematically compares reasoning LLMs with non-reasoning counterparts across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Daniil Larionov , Sotaro Takeshita , Ran Zhang , Yanran Chen , Christoph Leiter , Zhipin Wang , Christian Greisinger , Steffen Eger

Recent studies show that the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) can be improved by applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to question-answering (QA) tasks in areas such as math and coding. With a long context length, LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Stephen Chung , Wenyu Du , Jie Fu

In this study, we introduced a new benchmark consisting of a curated dataset and a defined evaluation process to assess the compositional reasoning capabilities of large language models within the chemistry domain. We designed and validated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Mohammad Khodadad , Ali Shiraee Kasmaee , Mahdi Astaraki , Nicholas Sherck , Hamidreza Mahyar , Soheila Samiee