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Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in zero-shot and single step reasoning and decision making problems, but in long horizon sequential planning tasks, their errors compound, often leading to unreliable or inefficient behavior.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Anand Gokhale , Vaibhav Srivastava , Francesco Bullo

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has driven their adoption across diverse domains, yet their ability to generate harmful content poses significant safety challenges. While extensive research has focused on mitigating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Yuanzhe Shen , Zisu Huang , Zhengkang Guo , Yide Liu , Guanxu Chen , Ruicheng Yin , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

The strong planning and reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have fostered the development of agent-based systems capable of leveraging external tools and interacting with increasingly complex environments. However, these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Zhun Wang , Vincent Siu , Zhe Ye , Tianneng Shi , Yuzhou Nie , Xuandong Zhao , Chenguang Wang , Wenbo Guo , Dawn Song

LLM-based agents have emerged as transformative tools capable of executing complex tasks through iterative planning and action, achieving significant advancements in understanding and addressing user needs. Yet, their effectiveness remains…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mithat Can Ozgun , Jiahuan Pei , Koen Hindriks , Lucia Donatelli , Qingzhi Liu , Junxiao Wang

Ensuring the security of complex system-on-chips (SoCs) designs is a critical imperative, yet traditional verification techniques struggle to keep pace due to significant challenges in automation, scalability, comprehensiveness, and…

Tool-augmented LLM agents introduce security risks that extend beyond user-input filtering, including indirect prompt injection through fetched content, unsafe tool execution, credential leakage, and tampering with local control files. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Frank Li

LLM agents process trusted instructions, retrieved records, and tool observations through a common generative channel. This conflates data flow with authority: an untrusted string can affect a secret-bearing response or an action proposal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Faruk Alpay , Taylan Alpay

Agentic security systems increasingly combine LLM planners with tools that can discover, validate, and report vulnerabilities. This creates an asymmetric control problem: the system should retain strong offensive capability inside an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Isaac David , Marco Guarnieri , Arthur Gervais

The rapid development of autonomous web agents powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), while greatly elevating efficiency, exposes the frontier risk of taking unintended or harmful actions. This situation underscores an urgent need for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Boyuan Zheng , Zeyi Liao , Scott Salisbury , Zeyuan Liu , Michael Lin , Qinyuan Zheng , Zifan Wang , Xiang Deng , Dawn Song , Huan Sun , Yu Su

Large language model (LLM)-based agents have shown strong capabilities in using external tools to solve complex tasks. However, existing evaluations often overlook the temporal dimension of tool use, especially the impact of tool response…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Kou Shi , Ziao Zhang , Shiting Huang , Avery Nie , Zhen Fang , Qiuchen Wang , Lin Chen , Huaian Chen , Zehui Chen , Feng Zhao

Modern Security Operations Centers struggle with alert fatigue, fragmented tooling, and limited cross-source event correlation. Challenges that current Security Information Event Management and Extended Detection and Response systems only…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Anes Abdennebi , Nadjia Kara , Laaziz Lahlou , Hakima Ould-Slimane

With the integration of large language models (LLMs), embodied agents have strong capabilities to understand and plan complicated natural language instructions. However, a foreseeable issue is that those embodied agents can also flawlessly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Sheng Yin , Xianghe Pang , Yuanzhuo Ding , Menglan Chen , Yutong Bi , Yichen Xiong , Wenhao Huang , Zhen Xiang , Jing Shao , Siheng Chen

Evaluating large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems remains a critical challenge, as these systems must exhibit reliable coordination, transparent decision-making, and verifiable performance across evolving tasks. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 YenTing Lee , Keerthi Koneru , Zahra Moslemi , Sheethal Kumar , Ramesh Radhakrishnan

This paper introduces a methodology based on agentic workflows for economic research that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) and multimodal AI to enhance research efficiency and reproducibility. Our approach features autonomous and…

General Economics · Economics 2025-04-15 Herbert Dawid , Philipp Harting , Hankui Wang , Zhongli Wang , Jiachen Yi

Personal AI agents like OpenClaw run with elevated privileges on users' local machines, where a single successful prompt injection can leak credentials, redirect financial transactions, or destroy files. This threat goes well beyond…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Bowen Wei , Yunbei Zhang , Jinhao Pan , Kai Mei , Xiao Wang , Jihun Hamm , Ziwei Zhu , Yingqiang Ge

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently gained attention due to their ability to understand and generate sophisticated human-like content. However, ensuring their safety is paramount as they might provide harmful and unsafe responses.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Miriam Ugarte , Pablo Valle , José Antonio Parejo , Sergio Segura , Aitor Arrieta

As AI agents move from demos into enterprise deployments, their failure modes become consequential: a misinterpreted tool argument can corrupt production data, a silent reasoning error can go undetected until damage is done, and outputs…

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into autonomous agents has enabled complex tool use, yet in high-stakes domains, these systems must strictly adhere to regulatory standards beyond simple functional correctness. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Da Song , Yuheng Huang , Boqi Chen , Tianshuo Cong , Randy Goebel , Lei Ma , Foutse Khomh

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become ubiquitous across various scientific domains, their lack of ability to perform complex tasks like running simulations or to make complex decisions limits their utility. LLM-based agents bridge this gap…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Anurag Acharya , Timothy Vega , Rizwan A. Ashraf , Anshu Sharma , Derek Parker , Robert Rallo

Large language models (LLMs) have evolved from simple chatbots into autonomous agents capable of performing complex tasks such as editing production code, orchestrating workflows, and taking higher-stakes actions based on untrusted inputs…