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Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models enable efficient scaling of large language models (LLMs) by activating only a subset of experts per input. However, we observe that the commonly used auxiliary load balancing loss often leads to expert…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Hongcan Guo , Haolang Lu , Guoshun Nan , Bolun Chu , Jialin Zhuang , Yuan Yang , Wenhao Che , Xinye Cao , Sicong Leng , Qimei Cui , Xudong Jiang

Mixture of Experts (MoE) is a popular framework in the fields of statistics and machine learning for modeling heterogeneity in data for regression, classification and clustering. MoE for continuous data are usually based on the normal…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-12-22 Faicel Chamroukhi

Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) allows scaling of language and vision models efficiently by activating only a small subset of experts per input. While this reduces computation, the large number of parameters still incurs substantial memory…

Self-supervised learning guided by masked image modelling, such as Masked AutoEncoder (MAE), has attracted wide attention for pretraining vision transformers in remote sensing. However, MAE tends to excessively focus on pixel details,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Yi Wang , Hugo Hernández Hernández , Conrad M Albrecht , Xiao Xiang Zhu

Combining the strengths of many existing predictors to obtain a Mixture of Experts which is superior to its individual components is an effective way to improve the performance without having to develop new architectures or train a model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Kemal Oksuz , Selim Kuzucu , Tom Joy , Puneet K. Dokania

Building mixture-of-experts (MoE) architecture for Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is emerging as a potential direction in parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) for its modular design and remarkable performance. However, simply stacking the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Jinyuan Feng , Zhiqiang Pu , Tianyi Hu , Dongmin Li , Xiaolin Ai , Huimu Wang

Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (SMoE) models represent a significant advancement in large language model (LLM) development through their efficient parameter utilization. These models achieve substantial performance improvements at reduced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 I-Chun Chen , Hsu-Shen Liu , Wei-Fang Sun , Chen-Hao Chao , Yen-Chang Hsu , Chun-Yi Lee

The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have gained significant attention in deep learning due to their dynamic resource allocation and superior performance across diverse tasks. However, efficiently training these models remains challenging.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Junfeng Ran , Guangxiang Zhao , Yuhan Wu , Dawei Zhu , Longyun Wu , Yikai Zhao , Tong Yang , Lin Sun , Xiangzheng Zhang , Sujian Li

While federated learning (FL) enables fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) without compromising data privacy, the substantial size of an LLM renders on-device training impractical for resource-constrained clients, such as mobile…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Zihan Fang , Zheng Lin , Senkang Hu , Yanan Ma , Yihang Tao , Yiqin Deng , Xianhao Chen , Yuguang Fang

In this study, we propose MoME, a Mixture of Visual Language Medical Experts, for Medical Image Segmentation. MoME adapts the successful Mixture of Experts (MoE) paradigm, widely used in Large Language Models (LLMs), for medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Arghavan Rezvani , Xiangyi Yan , Anthony T. Wu , Kun Han , Pooya Khosravi , Xiaohui Xie

Foundation models for medical image segmentation have achieved remarkable performance. Adaptive fine-tuning of natural image segmentation foundation models is crucial for medical image segmentation tasks. However, some limitations exist in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xinwei Zhang , Hu Chen , Zhe Yuan , Sukun Tian , Peng Feng

In recent years, convolutional networks have demonstrated unprecedented performance in the image restoration task of super-resolution (SR). SR entails the upscaling of a single low-resolution image in order to meet application-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-22 Royson Lee , Stylianos I. Venieris , Łukasz Dudziak , Sourav Bhattacharya , Nicholas D. Lane

Designing single-task image restoration models for specific degradation has seen great success in recent years. To achieve generalized image restoration, all-in-one methods have recently been proposed and shown potential for multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Hang Guo , Tao Dai , Yuanchao Bai , Bin Chen , Xudong Ren , Zexuan Zhu , Shu-Tao Xia

Mixture of Experts (MoE), an ensemble of specialized models equipped with a router that dynamically distributes each input to appropriate experts, has achieved successful results in the field of machine learning. However, theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ryotaro Kawata , Kohsei Matsutani , Yuri Kinoshita , Naoki Nishikawa , Taiji Suzuki

Multilingual speech recognition for both monolingual and code-switching speech is a challenging task. Recently, based on the Mixture of Experts (MoE), many works have made good progress in multilingual and code-switching ASR, but present…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Wenxuan Wang , Guodong Ma , Yuke Li , Binbin Du

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) Large Language Models (LLMs) face a trilemma of load imbalance, parameter redundancy, and communication overhead. We introduce a unified framework based on dynamic expert clustering and structured compression to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Peijun Zhu , Ning Yang , Baoliang Tian , Jiayu Wei , Weihao Zhang , Haijun Zhang , Pin Lv

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture in large language models, highlighting its ability to significantly enhance model performance while maintaining minimal computational overhead. Through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Danyang Zhang , Junhao Song , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Yingfang Yuan , Tianyang Wang , Joe Yeong , Junfeng Hao

Mixture-of-experts (MoE) architectures have expanded from language modeling to automatic speech recognition (ASR). Traditional MoE methods, such as the Switch Transformer, route experts independently within each layer. Our analysis reveals…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Zijin Gu , Tatiana Likhomanenko , Navdeep Jaitly

This work studies Hyperspectral image (HSI) super-resolution (SR). HSI SR is characterized by high-dimensional data and a limited amount of training examples. This exacerbates the undesirable behaviors of neural networks such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Ke Li , Dengxin Dai , Ender Konukoglu , Luc Van Gool

Sparsely-activated Mixture-of-Experts (SMoE) models offer efficient pre-training and low latency but their large parameter counts create significant memory overhead, motivating research into expert compression. Contrary to recent findings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Mike Lasby , Ivan Lazarevich , Nish Sinnadurai , Sean Lie , Yani Ioannou , Vithursan Thangarasa