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Related papers: Jailbreaking to Jailbreak

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Large Language Models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to multi-turn jailbreak attacks. We introduce HarmNet, a modular framework comprising ThoughtNet, a hierarchical semantic network; a feedback-driven Simulator for iterative query refinement;…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Sidhant Narula , Javad Rafiei Asl , Mohammad Ghasemigol , Eduardo Blanco , Daniel Takabi

Code-capable large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly embedded into software engineering workflows where they can read, write, and execute code, raising the stakes of safety-bypass ("jailbreak") attacks beyond text-only settings.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Shoumik Saha , Jifan Chen , Sam Mayers , Sanjay Krishna Gouda , Zijian Wang , Varun Kumar

Large Language Models face security threats from jailbreak attacks. Existing research has predominantly focused on prompt-level attacks while largely ignoring the underexplored attack surface of user-controlled response prefilling. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Yakai Li , Jiekang Hu , Weiduan Sang , Luping Ma , Dongsheng Nie , Weijuan Zhang , Aimin Yu , Yi Su , Qingjia Huang , Qihang Zhou

While significant attention has been dedicated to exploiting weaknesses in LLMs through jailbreaking attacks, there remains a paucity of effort in defending against these attacks. We point out a pivotal factor contributing to the success of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Zhexin Zhang , Junxiao Yang , Pei Ke , Fei Mi , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

The study of large language models (LLMs) is a key area in open-world machine learning. Although LLMs demonstrate remarkable natural language processing capabilities, they also face several challenges, including consistency issues,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained considerable popularity and protected by increasingly sophisticated safety mechanisms. However, jailbreak attacks continue to pose a critical security threat by inducing models to generate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Zehao Liu , Xi Lin

This paper focuses on jailbreaking attacks against large language models (LLMs), eliciting them to generate objectionable content in response to harmful user queries. Unlike previous LLM-jailbreak methods that directly orient to LLMs, our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Haoxuan Ji , Zheng Lin , Zhenxing Niu , Xinbo Gao , Gang Hua

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, yet they also introduce novel security challenges. For instance, prompt jailbreaking attacks involve adversaries crafting sophisticated prompts to elicit responses from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zhaoqi Wang , Daqing He , Zijian Zhang , Xin Li , Liehuang Zhu , Meng Li , Jiamou Liu

Despite their demonstrated valuable capabilities, state-of-the-art (SOTA) widely deployed large language models (LLMs) still have the potential to cause harm to society due to the ineffectiveness of their safety filters, which can be…

Large language models (LLMs) are designed to align with human values in their responses. This study exploits LLMs with an iterative prompting technique where each prompt is systematically modified and refined across multiple iterations to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Shih-Wen Ke , Guan-Yu Lai , Guo-Lin Fang , Hsi-Yuan Kao

This paper proposes a jailbreaking prompt detection method for large language models (LLMs) to defend against jailbreak attacks. Although recent LLMs are equipped with built-in safeguards, it remains possible to craft jailbreaking prompts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zheng Lin , Zhenxing Niu , Haoxuan Ji , Yuzhe Huang , Haichang Gao

There is growing interest in ensuring that large language models (LLMs) align with human values. However, the alignment of such models is vulnerable to adversarial jailbreaks, which coax LLMs into overriding their safety guardrails. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Patrick Chao , Alexander Robey , Edgar Dobriban , Hamed Hassani , George J. Pappas , Eric Wong

Alignment in large language models (LLMs) is used to enforce guidelines such as safety. Yet, alignment fails in the face of jailbreak attacks that modify inputs to induce unsafe outputs. In this paper, we introduce and evaluate a new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Jean-Charles Noirot Ferrand , Yohan Beugin , Eric Pauley , Ryan Sheatsley , Patrick McDaniel

Ensuring the safety and alignment of large language models (LLMs) with human values is crucial for generating responses that are beneficial to humanity. While LLMs have the capability to identify and avoid harmful queries, they remain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yihua Zhou , Xiaochuan Shi

Defense in large language models (LLMs) is crucial to counter the numerous attackers exploiting these systems to generate harmful content through manipulated prompts, known as jailbreak attacks. Although many defense strategies have been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Bocheng Chen , Hanqing Guo , Qiben Yan

Large Language Models (LLMs), used in creative writing, code generation, and translation, generate text based on input sequences but are vulnerable to jailbreak attacks, where crafted prompts induce harmful outputs. Most jailbreak prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Xiaoxia Li , Siyuan Liang , Jiyi Zhang , Han Fang , Aishan Liu , Ee-Chien Chang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved impressive performance and have been put into practical use in commercial applications, but they still have potential safety mechanism vulnerabilities. Jailbreak attacks are red teaming…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Shiji Zhao , Ranjie Duan , Fengxiang Wang , Chi Chen , Caixin Kang , Shouwei Ruan , Jialing Tao , YueFeng Chen , Hui Xue , Xingxing Wei

Modern large language model (LLM) developers typically conduct a safety alignment to prevent an LLM from generating unethical or harmful content. Recent studies have discovered that the safety alignment of LLMs can be bypassed by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Xuan Chen , Yuzhou Nie , Lu Yan , Yunshu Mao , Wenbo Guo , Xiangyu Zhang

This study identifies the potential vulnerabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) to 'jailbreak' attacks, specifically focusing on the Arabic language and its various forms. While most research has concentrated on English-based prompt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Mansour Al Ghanim , Saleh Almohaimeed , Mengxin Zheng , Yan Solihin , Qian Lou

We find that language models have difficulties generating fallacious and deceptive reasoning. When asked to generate deceptive outputs, language models tend to leak honest counterparts but believe them to be false. Exploiting this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yue Zhou , Henry Peng Zou , Barbara Di Eugenio , Yang Zhang
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